| Randomization Arm |
Pain Score 1 |
Pain Score 2 |
Score Difference |
P Value* |
|
| Female patients |
| Morphine (n = 102) |
5.50 (2.07) |
3.34 (2.26) |
2.16 (1.84) |
.001 |
| Placebo (n = 92) |
5.00 (1.99) |
3.99 (2.00) |
1.01 (1.49) |
.001 |
| Male patients |
| Morphine (n = 73) |
4.97 (2.56) |
2.86 (1.90) |
2.11 (1.56) |
.001 |
| Placebo (n = 73) |
5.38 (2.05) |
4.24 (2.24) |
1.14 (1.62) |
.001 |
|
| * P values for differences between pain scores 1 and 2 were obtained by using the Student t test for paired data. |
| Note.—All data are mean scores of pain as assessed by the patients by using a visual analog scale. Pain score 1 values were those obtained before the injections of morphine or the placebo; pain score 2 values were those obtained after the injections. The numbers in parentheses are SDs. |
|