Figure 7a. (a, b) Coronal true FISP MR images (6/3, 70° flip angle) obtained in a patient with right-sided renal carcinoma. (a) Note the large tumor (thick straight solid arrow) with mixed signal intensity, area of abnormally low signal intensity that represents a thrombus in the vena cava (thin straight solid arrow), and peritumoral collateral vessels (curved arrow). Note also the normal high signal intensity in the portal vein (open arrows) and normal jejunal loops (arrowheads). (b) Anterior image demonstrates the pancreatic body (short straight arrow), high-signal-intensity normal pancreatic duct (long straight arrow), superior mesenteric vein (arrowhead), and multiple low-signal-intensity gallstones (curved arrow). (c) Transverse contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR image (131/4.1, 80° flip angle) demonstrates the large tumor (thick arrow) and low-signal-intensity thrombus within the inferior vena cava (thin arrow).