Figure 5b. (a) Selective left internal mammary angiogram in a 24-year-old man with tuberculosis and recurrent episodes of massive hemoptysis shows an enlarged and tortuous artery (black arrow) arising from left internal mammary artery (white arrow). With its hypervascularity and parenchymal staining, it was regarded as a nonbronchial systemic artery causing hemoptysis. (b) Three-dimensional volume-rendered CT image shows enlarged and tortuous vascular structures (arrowhead) in left mediastinum arising from the left subclavian artery (arrow). Structures were not seen on an aortogram. An abnormal vessel arising from left internal mammary artery at angiography was not detected at CT.