Figure 5: Water signal removal by means of Hankel-Lanczos singular-values decomposition filter. In vivo chemical shift imaging 1H MR spectroscopy in the brain of a healthy adult. A, Region indicated by horizontal bar contains the water peak. The peaks of interest, choline (Cho), total creatine (tCr), and NAA, are disturbed by right tail of the water peak. B, Spectrum after subtraction of water signal components, as retrieved and quantified with the Hankel-Lanczos singular-values decomposition filter in region of the horizontal bar in A. Components outside horizontal bar region are not affected by the procedure. (Reprinted, with permission, from reference 111.)