Radiology, Vol 188, 115-118, Copyright © 1993 by Radiological Society of North America

ARTICLES

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle: MR evaluation of enlargement as a cause of upper eyelid retraction in Graves disease

T Ohnishi, S Noguchi, N Murakami, H Nakahara, H Hoshi, S Jinnouchi, S Futami, S Nagamachi and K Watanabe
Noguchi Thyroid Clinic and Hospital Foundation, Oita, Japan.

Sympathetic stimulation of the Muller muscle may be responsible for most of the medically reversible cases of eyelid retraction in patients with Graves disease. The authors studied 21 patients with class I Graves ophthalmopathy (GO), 32 patients with Graves disease without ophthalmopathy (GD), and 12 control subjects. T1-weighted spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed with a 0.5-T superconducting system. The thickness of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle was determined from sagittal MR images. The thickness of the levator muscles in patients with GD did not differ from the thickness in control subjects, but the levator muscles in patients with GO were significantly thickened (P < .01). The thickness of the levator muscles in patients with GO was significantly greater than in those of patients with GD (P < .01). In 64 orbits of patients with GD, 3% of levator muscles were thickened. In 33 of 40 (83%) orbits of patients with GO presenting with upper eyelid retraction, the levator muscles were thickened. Sagittal MR imaging demonstrated thickening of the levator muscles in patients with persistent upper eyelid retraction. The authors conclude that a thickened levator muscle probably causes upper eyelid retraction in patients with GO.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. F. Falcao, J. M. C. Malbouisson, A. A. V. Cruz, and A. Messias The Relationship between Two Types of Upper Eyelid Movements: Saccades and Pursuit Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2008; 49(6): 2444 - 2448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]