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Radiology, Vol 205, 327-333, Copyright © 1997 by Radiological Society of North America

ARTICLES

Acute stroke: usefulness of early CT findings before thrombolytic therapy

R von Kummer, KL Allen, R Holle, L Bozzao, S Bastianello, C Manelfe, E Bluhmki, P Ringleb, DH Meier and W Hacke
Department of Neuroradiology, Technische Universitat, Dresden, Germany.

PURPOSE: To determine whether the extent of subtle parenchymal hypoattenuation detected on computed tomographic (CT) scans obtained within 6 hours of ischemic stroke is a factor in predicting patients' response to thrombolytic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The baseline CT scans of 620 patients, who received either recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) or a placebo, in a double-blind, randomized multicenter trial were prospectively evaluated and assigned to one of three categories according to the extent of parenchymal hypoattenuation: none, 33% or less (small), or more than 33% (large) of the middle cerebral artery territory. The association between the extent of hypoattenuation on the baseline CT scans and the clinical outcome in the placebo-treated and the rt-PA-treated groups after 3 months was analyzed. RESULTS: In 215 patients with a small hypoattenuating area, treatment increased the chance of good outcome. In 336 patients with a normal CT scan and in 52 patients with a large hypoattenuating area, rt-PA had no beneficial effect but increased the risk for fatal brain hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: The response to rt-PA in patients with ischemic stroke can be predicted on the basis of initial CT findings of the extent of parenchymal hypoattenuation in the territory of the middle cerebral artery.


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