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Experimental Studies |
1 Neuroimaging Branch, National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bldg 10, Rm 4N252, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892-2289.
PURPOSE: To assess the time-course of the relaxation times and the orientationally averaged water diffusion coefficient Doav in postnatal brain development.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multisection maps of T1, T2, and the trace of the diffusion tensor (Trace[D] = 3 x Doav) were obtained in four kittens at eight time points.
RESULTS: In the adult, Doav was about 700 µm2/sec in both white and gray matter. In the newborn, Doav was 1,100–1,350 µm2/sec in white matter and 1,000 µm2/sec in gray matter. For all anatomic regions and time points, the correlation between Doav and 1/T2 was high (R2 = 0.87, P << .001). T1 showed a lower correlation with Doav and a higher sensitivity to myelinization than did T2.
CONCLUSION: Although Doav shows dramatic changes in the maturing brain, the high correlation between Doav and T2 indicates that little additional information can be obtained by measuring this diffusion parameter during normal brain development. This contrasts with previous findings in brain ischemia, where Doav and T2 appear to be uncorrelated. After including the authors' data and published iontophoretic measurements in a simple model of diffusion in tissues, the authors suggest that the underlying mechanisms of Doav reduction in brain maturation and ischemia are different. Doav changes during development are mainly affected by events occurring in the cellular compartment, while changes in extracellular volume fraction and tortuosity, which are thought to determine the reduction in Doav during ischemia, are probably of secondary importance.
Index terms: Animals • Brain, growth and development, 10.91, 10.99 • Brain, MR, 10.121411, 10.121413, 10.12146 • Magnetic resonance (MR), relaxometry, 10.12146
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