| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Medical Physics |
1 Department of Radiology, University of Florida, Gainesville.
PURPOSE: To determine the radiation effective dose to adult and pediatric patients undergoing abdominal computed tomographic (CT) examinations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Technique factors were obtained for three groups of randomly selected patients undergoing abdominal CT examinations: 31 children aged 10 years or younger; 32 young adults aged 11–18 years; and 36 adults older than 18 years. The radiographic techniques, together with the measured cross sections of patients, were used to estimate the total energy imparted to each patient. Each value of energy imparted was subsequently converted into the corresponding effective dose to the patient, taking into account the mass of the patient.
RESULTS: All abdominal CT examinations were performed at 120 kVp with a section thickness of approximately 7 mm for all sizes of patients. The mean number of CT sections increased from 22.0 for children to 31.5 for adults, and the mean quantity of x radiation in milliampere-seconds increased from 220 mAs for children to 290 mAs for adults. The mean values (± SD) of energy imparted were 72.1 mJ ± 24.4 for children, 183.5 mJ ± 44.8 for young adults, and 234.7 mJ ± 89.4 for adults. The corresponding mean values of patient effective dose were 6.1 mSv ± 1.4 for children, 4.4 mSv ± 1.0 for young adults, and 3.9 mSv ± 1.1 for adults.
CONCLUSION: Values of energy imparted to patients undergoing abdominal CT examinations were a factor of three higher in adults than in children, but the corresponding patient effective doses were 50% higher in children than in adults.
Index terms: Computed tomography (CT), in infants and children, 70.1211 • Computed tomography (CT), radiation exposure, 70.1211 • Dosimetry • Radiations, exposure to patients and personnel, 70.47 • Radiations, measurement, 70.47
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Suzuki, S. Furui, I. Yamaguchi, M. Yamagishi, A. Watanabe, T. Abe, and I. Kobayashi Effective Dose during Abdominal Three-dimensional Imaging with a Flat-Panel Detector Angiography System Radiology, February 1, 2009; 250(2): 545 - 550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Wan, M. Krahn, W. J. Ungar, E. Caku, L. Sung, L. S. Medina, and A. S. Doria Acute Appendicitis in Young Children: Cost-effectiveness of US versus CT in Diagnosis--A Markov Decision Analytic Model Radiology, February 1, 2009; 250(2): 378 - 386. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. W. Goldman Principles of CT: Radiation Dose and Image Quality J. Nucl. Med. Technol., December 1, 2007; 35(4): 213 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W Mazrani, K McHugh, and P J Marsden The radiation burden of radiological investigations Arch. Dis. Child., December 1, 2007; 92(12): 1127 - 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Fujii, T Aoyama, S Koyama, and C Kawaura Comparative evaluation of organ and effective doses for paediatric patients with those for adults in chest and abdominal CT examinations Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2007; 80(956): 657 - 667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. Huda and A. Vance Patient Radiation Doses from Adult and Pediatric CT Am. J. Roentgenol., February 1, 2007; 188(2): 540 - 546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. G. Xu Effective Dose For Patients Undergoing Coronary and Femoral Intravascular Radiotherapy Involving an HDR 192Ir Source Radiat Prot Dosimetry, December 20, 2005; 115(1-4): 289 - 293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Irie and H. Inoue Individual Modulation of the Tube Current-Seconds to Achieve Similar Levels of Image Noise in Contrast-Enhanced Abdominal CT Am. J. Roentgenol., May 1, 2005; 184(5): 1514 - 1518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. D. Nawfel, P. F. Judy, A. R. Schleipman, and S. G. Silverman Patient Radiation Dose at CT Urography and Conventional Urography Radiology, July 1, 2004; 232(1): 126 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Sigal-Cinqualbre, R. Hennequin, H. T. Abada, X. Chen, and J.-F. Paul Low-Kilovoltage Multi-Detector Row Chest CT in Adults: Feasibility and Effect on Image Quality and Iodine Dose Radiology, April 1, 2004; 231(1): 169 - 174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J Pages, N Buls, and M Osteaux CT doses in children: a multicentre study Br. J. Radiol., November 1, 2003; 76(911): 803 - 811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Tack, V. De Maertelaer, and P. A. Gevenois Dose Reduction in Multidetector CT Using Attenuation-Based Online Tube Current Modulation Am. J. Roentgenol., August 1, 2003; 181(2): 331 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. F. McNitt-Gray AAPM/RSNA Physics Tutorial for Residents: Topics in CT: Radiation Dose in CT RadioGraphics, November 1, 2002; 22(6): 1541 - 1553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Khursheed, M C Hillier, P C Shrimpton, and B F Wall Influence of patient age on normalized effective doses calculated for CT examinations Br. J. Radiol., October 1, 2002; 75(898): 819 - 830. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J Stoker, M G Romijn, R A de Man, J T Brouwer, G J Weverling, J M van Muiswinkel, P E Zondervan, J S Lameris, and J N M Ijzermans Prospective comparative study of spiral computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma Gut, July 1, 2002; 51(1): 105 - 107. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. L. Slovis CT and Computed Radiography: The Pictures Are Great, But Is the Radiation Dose Greater Than Required? Am. J. Roentgenol., July 1, 2002; 179(1): 39 - 41. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E. van Gelder, H. W. Venema, I. W. O. Serlie, C. Y. Nio, R. M. Determann, C. A. Tipker, F. M. Vos, A. S. Glas, J. F. W. Bartelsman, P. M. M. Bossuyt, et al. CT Colonography at Different Radiation Dose Levels: Feasibility of Dose Reduction Radiology, July 1, 2002; 224(1): 25 - 33. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. L. Slovis The ALARA Concept in Pediatric CT: Myth or Reality? Radiology, April 1, 2002; 223(1): 5 - 6. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J V Cook Radiation protection and quality assurance in paediatric radiology Imaging, December 1, 2001; 13(4): 229 - 238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P Aviles Lucas, I A Castellano, D R Dance, and E Vano Carruana Analysis of surface dose variation in CT procedures Br. J. Radiol., December 1, 2001; 74(888): 1128 - 1136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. R. Haaga Radiation Dose Management: Weighing Risk Versus Benefit Am. J. Roentgenol., August 1, 2001; 177(2): 289 - 291. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. J. Brenner, C. D. Elliston, E. J. Hall, and W. E. Berdon Estimated Risks of Radiation-Induced Fatal Cancer from Pediatric CT Am. J. Roentgenol., February 1, 2001; 176(2): 289 - 296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Paterson, D. P. Frush, and L. F. Donnelly Helical CT of the Body: Are Settings Adjusted for Pediatric Patients? Am. J. Roentgenol., February 1, 2001; 176(2): 297 - 301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. F. Donnelly, K. H. Emery, A. S. Brody, T. Laor, V. M. Gylys-Morin, C. G. Anton, S. R. Thomas, and D. P. Frush Minimizing Radiation Dose for Pediatric Body Applications of Single-Detector Helical CT: Strategies at a Large Children's Hospital Am. J. Roentgenol., February 1, 2001; 176(2): 303 - 306. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. T. Andrews and P. H. Brown Uterine Arterial Embolization: Factors Influencing Patient Radiation Exposure Radiology, December 1, 2000; 217(3): 713 - 722. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Huda, E. M. Scalzetti, and G. Levin Technique Factors and Image Quality as Functions of Patient Weight at Abdominal CT Radiology, November 1, 2000; 217(2): 430 - 435. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
