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(Radiology. 2000;214:557-562.)
© RSNA, 2000

Experimental Studies

Bovine Type I Collagen as an Endovascular Stent-Graft Material: Biocompatibility Study in Rabbits1

Harry J. Cloft, MD, PhD, David F. Kallmes, MD, Horng-Ban Lin, PhD 2, Shu-Tung Li, PhD 2, William F. Marx, MD, Sarah B. Hudson, BS, Gregory A. Helm, MD, PhD, Maria Beatriz Lopes, MD, J. Kevin McGraw, MD 3, Jacques E. Dion, MD 4 and Mary E. Jensen, MD

1 From the Depts of Radiology (H.J.C., D.F.K., W.F.M., J.K.M., J.E.D., M.E.J.), Neurological Surgery (S.B.H., G.A.H.), and Pathology (M.B.L.), University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, and ReGen, Franklin Lakes, NJ (H.B.L., S.T.L.). From the 1997 RSNA scientific assembly. Received May 14, 1998; revision requested July 13; revision received May 11, 1999; accepted June 28. Supported in part by a 1995 (2) Seed Grant from the RSNA R&E Foundation. D.F.K. supported by the RSNA R&E Foundation as a 1997 RSNA scholar. Address reprint requests to H.J.C., Dept of Radiology, Emory University Hospital, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 (e-mail:harry_cloft@emory.org).

PURPOSE: To study the biocompatibility of a bovine type I collagen preparation as a material for small-vessel stent-grafts in rabbits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A composite nitinol-collagen endovascular stent-graft with a 4-mm inner diameter was deployed in the abdominal aorta in nine rabbits. Angiography was performed, and the rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 2, and 7 days and at 1 and 3 months. The portion of the aorta containing the stent-graft was excised and was histologically evaluated.

RESULTS: All stent-grafts were patent at all time points. On days 1, 2, and 7 after implantation, scattered red and white blood cells adhered to the stent-graft. At 1 month, the stent-graft was endothelialized and was infiltrated with fibroblasts that deposited collagen within the interstices of the implanted collagen material. At 3 months, there was additional collagen deposition within the interstices of the stent-graft that did not narrow the lumen of the stent-grafts.

CONCLUSION: Type I collagen as a intravascular stent-graft material is biocompatible for at least 3 months in rabbits. It is rapidly endothelialized and does not cause reactive stenosis. As a versatile and biocompatible polymer, collagen is potentially useful in the construction of endovascular stent-grafts for use in human arteries.

Index terms: Animals • Aorta, grafts and prostheses, 981.1268 • Aortography, 981.121 • Interventional procedures, experimental studies, 981.1268 • Stents and prostheses, 981.1268




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