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(Radiology. 2000;214:711-716.)
© RSNA, 2000

Pediatric Imaging

Hypertensive Encephalopathy: Complication in Children Treated for Myeloproliferative Disorders-Report of Three Cases1

Michael J. Cooney, MD, William G. Bradley, MD, PhD, Sophia C. Symko, MD, Sangita T. Patel, MD and Paula K. Groncy, MD

1 From the Departments of Radiology (M.J.C., W.G.B., S.C.S., S.T.P.) and Pediatric Oncology (P.K.G.), Long Beach Memorial Medical Center, 403 E Columbia St, Long Beach, CA 90806. From the 1997 RSNA scientific assembly. Received November 9, 1998; revision requested December 29; revision received May 24, 1999; accepted June 29. Address reprint requests to W.G.B. (e-mail: wgbradley@pol.net).

We routinely perform echo-planar diffusion-weighted sequences in all brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. When three children undergoing chemotherapy for acute leukemia presented with seizures, conventional MR images demonstrated what appeared to be acute, posterior, parasagittal infarcts. However, diffusion-weighted images were normal. These MR imaging findings were consistent with those of hypertensive encephalopathy. Early recognition and treatment of minimal hypertension in these patients allows reversal of encephalopathy.

Index terms: Brain, diseases, 10.64 • Brain, MR, 10.121411, 10.121413, 10.121416, 10.12143 • Chemotherapy, complications, 10.64 • Hypertension • Magnetic resonance (MR), in infants and children, 10.121411, 10.121413, 10.121416, 10.12143




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