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(Radiology. 2000;216:672-682.)
© RSNA, 2000

Neuroradiology

Normal Brain Development and Aging: Quantitative Analysis at in Vivo MR Imaging in Healthy Volunteers1

Eric Courchesne, PhD, Heather J. Chisum, BA, Jeanne Townsend, PhD, Angilene Cowles, BA, James Covington, MA, Brian Egaas, MS, Mark Harwood, BA, Stuart Hinds, MD and Gary A. Press, MD

1 From the Laboratory for Research on the Neuroscience of Autism, Children’s Hospital Research Center, 8110 La Jolla Shores Dr, Suite 201, La Jolla, CA 92037 (E.C., H.J.C., J.T., A.C., J.C., B.E., M.H., S.H.); the Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla (E.C., J.T.); and the Kaiser Permanente Hospital, San Diego, Calif (G.A.P.). Received April 5, 1999; revision requested June 7; final revision received December 7; accepted December 21. This work is supported by funds from NINDS (2-RO1-NS-19855) awarded to Eric Courchesne and NINDS (5RO1-NS-34155) award to Jeanne Townsend. Address correspondence to E.C. (e-mail: ecourchesne@ucsd.edu).

PURPOSE: To quantitate neuroanatomic parameters in healthy volunteers and to compare the values with normative values from postmortem studies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 116 volunteers aged 19 months to 80 years were analyzed with semiautomated procedures validated by means of comparison with manual tracings. Volumes measured included intracranial space, whole brain, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results were compared with values from previous postmortem studies.

RESULTS: Whole brain and intracranial space grew by 25%–27% between early childhood (mean age, 26 months; age range, 19–33 months) and adolescence (mean age, 14 years; age range, 12–15 years); thereafter, whole-brain volume decreased such that volunteers (age range, 71–80 years) had volumes similar to those of young children. GM increased 13% from early to later (6–9 years) childhood. Thereafter, GM increased more slowly and reached a plateau in the 4th decade; it decreased by 13% in the oldest volunteers. The GM-WM ratio decreased exponentially from early childhood through the 4th decade; thereafter, it gradually declined. In vivo patterns of change in the intracranial space, whole brain, and GM-WM ratio agreed with published postmortem data.

CONCLUSION: MR images accurately depict normal patterns of age-related change in intracranial space, whole brain, GM, WM, and CSF. These quantitative MR imaging data can be used in research studies and clinical settings for the detection of abnormalities in fundamental neuroanatomic parameters.

Index terms: Aging • Brain, growth and development, 10.91 • Brain, MR, 10.121411, 10.12142 • Brain, volume, 10.91 • Magnetic resonance (MR), volume measurement, 10.121411, 10.12142




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