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Intravascular MR Imaging-guided Balloon Angioplasty With an MR Imaging Guide Wire: Feasibility Study in Rabbits¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Outpatient Center Rm 4243, 601 N Caroline St, Baltimore MD 21287-0845. Received September 21, 1999; revision requested November 1; final revision received February 4, 2000; accepted February 22. Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant number R29HL57483, the Whitaker Foundation, and Surgi-Vision. Address correspondence to X.Y. (e-mail: xyang@mri.jhu.edu).

PURPOSE: To develop a technique for intravascular magnetic resonance (MR)–guided balloon angioplasty with use of an MR imaging guide wire.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: An MR imaging guide wire (0.6-mm loopless antenna) that could be placed within a balloon catheter was manufactured. The guide wire was expected to function as either an MR receiver probe in real-time MR imaging or a guide wire for use with interventional devices. Laparotomy was performed in eight rabbits, and a dilatable stenosis was created at the upper abdominal aorta. Balloon angioplasty, validated at pre- and postoperative MR aortography with renal contrast enhancement was performed by using a 1.5-T MR unit with a fast spoiled gradient-echo pulse sequence, short repetition and echo times, and a rate of three frames per second.

RESULTS: During MR tracking, the entire length of the MR imaging guide wire was always visible as a band of high signal intensity. In all cases, the MR imaging guide wires were passed through the aortic stenoses dilated by means of balloon inflation. Before balloon angioplasty, flow in the aorta distal to the stenosis was decreased, which caused mild contrast enhancement in each kidney. After balloon angioplasty, distal flow was restored, resulting in substantial renal enhancement.

CONCLUSION: The MR imaging guide wire is a potential tool for use in endovascular interventional MR imaging.

Index terms: Animals • Interventional procedures, experimental studies, 943.1282, 943.7229 • Magnetic resonance (MR), contrast enhancement, 943.12943, 961.12943 • Magnetic resonance (MR), guidance, 943.1282 • Magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies, 81.129412, 81.12942, 81.12943, 943.129412, 943.12942, 943.12943

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