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Quantified Power Doppler US of Tumor Blood Flow Correlates with Microscopic Quantification of Tumor Blood Vessels¹

¹ From the Departments of Radiology (E.F.D., W.E.W., A.C.F.), Radiation Oncology (L.G., D.H.), and Biomedical Engineering (D.H.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1301 22nd Ave S, B-902 The Vanderbilt Clinic, Nashville, TN 37232-5671. Received March 21, 2000; revision requested May 2; revision received July 20; accepted August 29. Supported by National Cancer Institute grants CA58508, CA89674, and CA70937 and a grant from ATL/Phillips. Address correspondence to D.E.H.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ability of a quantified power Doppler ultrasonography (US) system to help quantitate differences in tumor vascularity after radiation therapy and administration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Murine glioblastoma tumors were grown in the thighs of two sets of 25 mice each. Each mouse was assigned to one of four treatment groups: control (no treatment), radiation therapy, TNF therapy, or combination therapy (both radiation and TNF therapies). Mice were then evaluated with quantified power Doppler US, and a vascularity index (color area) was calculated for different tumor regions in each group. The tumors were then excised, and histologic evaluation was performed by using an immunofluorescence-tagged monoclonal antibody against blood vessel endothelium. The number of stained blood vessels per high-power field was correlated with the sonographically determined vascularity index.

RESULTS: The color area of the total tumor decreased to 37% of that in the control group in mice treated with radiation therapy alone (P = .02), 26% of that in the control group in mice treated with TNF alone (P = .05), and 8% of that in the control group in those treated with both TNF and radiation (P = .006). These results correlated well with the quantified results from immunofluorescent staining (r = 0.98).

CONCLUSION: Quantified power Doppler US is a noninvasive method for the evaluation of tumor vascularity and blood flow.

Index terms: Animals • Blood vessels, abnormalities, 9_*.92² • Blood vessels, US, 9_*.12984 • Therapeutic radiology, experimental studies • Ultrasound (US), experimental studies, 9_*.12984 • Ultrasound (US), power Doppler studies, 9_*.12984

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