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(Radiology. 2001;219:354-358.)
© RSNA, 2001

Neuroradiology

Increased Brain Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Children with Neurofibromatosis Type 11

James D. Eastwood, MD, David J. Fiorella, MD, PhD, James F. MacFall, PhD, David M. Delong, PhD, James M. Provenzale, MD and Robert S. Greenwood, MD

1 From the Departments of Radiology (J.D.E., D.J.F., J.F.M., J.M.P.), Biomedical Engineering (J.F.M.), and Community and Family Medicine, Division of Biometry (D.M.D.), Duke University Medical Center, Box 3808, Durham, NC 27710; and Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill (R.S.G.). Received May 31, 2000; revision requested July 17; revision received August 14; accepted September 11. J.D.E., J.M.F., R.S.G. supported in part by funds from National Institutes of Health grant NS 36-829. Address correspondence to J.D.E. (e-mail: eastw004@mc.duke.edu).

PURPOSE: To describe the changes in brain water diffusibility in five anatomic locations in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) compared with these changes in control subjects and to describe the water diffusibility changes associated with hyperintense basal ganglia lesions in children with NF 1.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty highly related pairs of children consisting of one child with NF 1 and one unaffected child were examined. Prospective comparisons of isotropic apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values at five anatomic locations were performed, with and without T2-hyperintense lesions included. Retrospective analysis of hyperintense globus pallidus lesions in 16 children and in the paired control subjects also was performed.

RESULTS: Significant increases in ADC values were seen in all five anatomic locations in the NF 1 group. The greatest increases were seen in the globus pallidus (14%; P = .002) and brachium pontis (10.8%; P = .003). With exclusion of hyperintense lesions, significant ADC increases were measured in four locations. Significant ADC increases were seen in hyperintense globus pallidus lesions in the NF 1 group compared with ADC values in the normal-appearing contralateral globus pallidus (4.9%; P = .02) and those in the globus pallidus of the paired control subjects (16%; P = .003).

CONCLUSION: Significant ADC increases were measured both in the hyperintense lesions and in the normal-appearing areas of the brain in children with NF 1.

Index terms: Brain, abnormalities, 10.1831 • Brain, MR, 10.121411, 10.121413, 10.121416, 10.12144 • Children, central nervous system, 10.1831 • Magnetic resonance (MR), diffusion study, 10.12144 • Neurofibromatosis, 10.1831




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