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DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2211001783
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(Radiology. 2001;221:167-172.)
© RSNA, 2001

Vascular and Interventional Radiology

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: US-guided Percutaneous Microwave Coagulation Therapy1

Ming-de Lu, MD, DMSc, Jun-wei Chen, MD, Xiao-yan Xie, MD, Li Liu, MD, Xiong-qing Huang, MD, Li-jian Liang, MD and Jie-fu Huang, MD

1 From the Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery (M.D.L., J.W.C., X.Q.H., L.J.L., J.F.H.) and Medical Ultrasonics (X.Y.X., L.L.), First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, 2 Zhongshan Rd, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China. Received November 10, 2000; revision requested December 23; revision received March 1, 2001; accepted April 18. Address correspondence to M.D.L. (e-mail: gylumd@public.guangzhou.gd.cn).

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly with tumor nodules larger than 2 cm in diameter.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with 107 hepatocellular carcinoma nodules (mean diameter, 2.7 cm ± 1.5 [SD]; range, 0.8–6.4 cm) were treated with percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy. Single electrode insertion was used in 46 nodules (43.0%) 2 cm or smaller, whereas multiple electrode insertion was applied in 61 (57.0%) nodules larger than 2 cm.

RESULTS: At 1 month after therapy, technical success for tumors 2 cm or smaller and those larger than 2 cm was achieved in 45 (98%) and 56 (92%) nodules, respectively. After follow-up of 9 months or longer, local recurrence was found in one nodule (2%) sized 1.8 cm and in five nodules (8%) larger than 2 cm. At the end of the study, 26 (52%) of 50 patients were free of disease, and disease-free survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 55% and 41%, respectively. Overall survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years were 96%, 83%, and 73%, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma. A multiple electrode insertion technique can enhance the effectiveness of this therapy in tumors 6 cm or smaller.

Index terms: Liver, interventional procedures, 761.12896 • Liver neoplasms, therapy, 761.12896, 761.323 • Microwaves, 761.12896 • Ultrasound (US), guidance, 761.12896




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