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Hepatic Tumor Detection: MR Imaging and Conventional US versus Pulse-Inversion Harmonic US of NC100100 during Its Reticuloendothelial System–Specific Phase¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Division of Ultrasound, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Suite 763J, Main Bldg, 132 S 10th St, Philadelphia, PA 19107. Received November 10, 2000; revision requested December 24; final revision received August 9, 2001; accepted September 5. Supported in part by Nycomed Amersham, Oslo, Norway, and Siemens Medical Systems, Issaquah, Wash. Address correspondence to F.F. (e-mail: forsberg@esther.rad.tju.edu).

PURPOSE: To compare conventional ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with contrast agent–enhanced US for detection of VX-2 liver tumors in rabbits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional gray-scale liver US was performed in 65 rabbits, 38 of which had VX-2 hepatic tumor implants. Twenty minutes after contrast agent injection, gray-scale pulse-inversion harmonic US images of the liver-specific phase were obtained. Following sacrifice of the animals, T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging was performed at 4-mm intervals. Pathologic analysis was performed as the reference standard. The capability of each imaging modality to correctly depict tumor presence or absence and the number of tumors was compared.

RESULTS: Conventional US correctly depicted the presence or absence of tumors in 54 rabbits, for an accuracy of 83%, sensitivity of 71%, and specificity of 100%. With contrast-enhanced US, accuracy increased to 92% (60 correct cases); sensitivity, to 87%; and specificity, to 100%. MR imaging facilitated 56 correct diagnoses, for an accuracy of 86%, sensitivity of 82%, and specificity of 93%. There was a marginally significant difference between US with and US without contrast agent (P = .07) but not between MR imaging and contrast-enhanced US (P .34). When the numbers of correctly detected tumors were compared, contrast-enhanced US performed significantly better than MR imaging (P = .02) and conventional US (P = .04).

CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference between contrast-enhanced US and MR imaging in the detection of hepatic tumors, whereas contrast-enhanced US had the highest accuracy (92%) of the three modalities studied.

© RSNA, 2002

Index terms: Animals • Liver neoplasms, 761.32 • Liver neoplasms, MR, 761.121411, 761.121415 • Liver neoplasms, US, 761.12988, 761.12989 • Ultrasound (US), harmonic study, 761.12988, 761.12989

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