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Staging of Neuroblastoma at Imaging: Report of the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group¹

¹ From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63110 (M.J.S., B.A.S.); Department of Biostatistics, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio (H.I.); Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude’s Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tenn (B.D.F., F.A.H.); Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Pa (J.S.M.); Departments of Radiology (D.J.) and Health Care Policy (D.J.C., B.J.M.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Radiology, C. S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Ann Arbor, Mich (R.J.H.); Department of Pediatric Imaging, Children’s Hospital, Detroit, Mich (S.E.R.); and Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Mass (B.J.M.). Received April 25, 2001; revision requested June 15; revision received August 3; accepted September 17. Supported by grant CA59403 from the National Cancer Institute. Address correspondence to M.J.S. (e-mail: siegelm@mir.wustl.edu).

PURPOSE: To compare the accuracies of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and bone scintigraphy in staging disease in patients with neuroblastoma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six children with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma were enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort study. CT, MR, and bone scintigraphy were used to evaluate tumor stage. Sensitivity and specificity values and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to compare the accuracy of CT, MR, and scintigraphy for tumor staging.

RESULTS: Eighty-eight patients were eligible for staging analysis, and 45 patients who underwent surgery at initial diagnosis were eligible for analysis of local tumor extent. CT and MR had sensitivities of 43% and 83%, respectively (P < .01), and specificities of 97% and 88%, respectively (P > .05), for detection of stage 4 disease. Areas under the ROC curves for CT and MR were 0.81 and 0.85, respectively (P = .06); that for scintigraphy was 0.83. Addition of scintigraphy to both CT and MR increased the areas under the ROC curves to 0.90 and 0.88, respectively. Accuracy of CT and MR for staging disease confined to the chest or abdomen (stages 1, 2, and 3) was poor.

CONCLUSION: MR alone and CT and MR combined with bone scintigraphy enable the accurate detection of stage 4 disease. Both CT and MR perform poorly for local tumor staging.

© RSNA, 2002

Index terms: Computed tomography (CT), comparative studies, 60.1211, 80.1211 • Magnetic resonance (MR), comparative studies, 60.1214, 80.1214 • Neoplasms, staging • Neuroblastoma, 60.3251 • Radionuclides, comparative studies, 60.1216, 80.1216

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