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Published online before print March 14, 2002, 10.1148/radiol.2232010241
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(Radiology 2002;223:432-438.)
© RSNA, 2002

Experimental Studies

Contrast-enhanced Blood-Pool MR Angiography with Optimized Iron Oxides: Effect of Size and Dose on Vascular Contrast Enhancement in Rabbits1

Thomas Allkemper, MD, Christoph Bremer, MD, Lars Matuszewski, MD, Wolfgang Ebert, PhD and Peter Reimer, MD

1 From the Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, 48129 Münster, Germany (T.A., C.B., L.M., P.R.); and Schering AG, Berlin, Germany (W.E.). Received January 8, 2001; revision requested February 14; revision received August 20; accepted October 1. Address correspondence to T.A.

PURPOSE: To investigate intravascular enhancement of bolus-injectable small and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs) of different particle sizes and relaxivities for first-pass and blood-pool magnetic resonance (MR) angiography.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Iron oxides with different particle sizes (hydrodynamic diameters, 21, 33, 46, and 65 nm) were bolus injected intravenously at three doses (10, 20, and 40 µmol per kilogram body weight). An extracellular contrast agent (gadopentetate dimeglumine) served as a control. MR angiography was performed multiple times after intravenous injection (5–120 minutes and 24 hours later). Signal enhancement was calculated from signal intensity measurements in the abdominal aorta and renal and iliac arteries.

RESULTS: Highest enhancement was seen during the first pass with all contrast agents. USPIO enhancement in the abdominal aorta increased significantly with decreasing particle size (65 nm vs 33 nm, 65 nm vs 21 nm; P < .01).

CONCLUSION: The smallest iron oxide provided signal enhancement comparable with that of gadopentetate dimeglumine at 40 µmol iron per kilogram for first-pass investigations, with prolonged signal enhancement up to 25 minutes, allowing multiple measurements after injection of a single bolus.

© RSNA, 2002

Index terms: Contrast media, comparative studies • Contrast media, experimental studies • Gadolinium • Magnetic resonance (MR), contrast media • Magnetic resonance (MR), vascular studies, 94.12942, 94.12943, 94.12949




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