Radiology
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Published online before print February 28, 2003, 10.1148/radiol.2271001744
This Article
Right arrow Figures Only
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow All Versions of this Article:
2271001744v1
227/1/18    most recent
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Dogra, V. S.
Right arrow Articles by Rubens, D. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Dogra, V. S.
Right arrow Articles by Rubens, D. J.
(Radiology 2003;227:18-36.)
© RSNA, 2003

Review

Sonography of the Scrotum1

Vikram S. Dogra, MD, Ronald H. Gottlieb, MD, Mayumi Oka, MD and Deborah J. Rubens, MD

1 From the Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 (V.S.D.); and Department of Radiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (R.H.G., M.O., D.J.R.). Received November 1, 2000; revision requested December 22; final revision received February 13, 2002; accepted March 14. Address correspondence to V.S.D. (e-mail: dogra@uhrad.com).

Ultrasonography (US) with a high-frequency (7.5–10-MHz) transducer has become the imaging modality of choice for examination of the scrotum. US examination can provide information valuable for the differential diagnosis of a variety of disease processes involving the scrotum that have similar clinical manifestations (eg, pain, swelling, or presence of mass). The pathologic condition that may be at the origin of such symptoms can vary from testicular torsion to infection to malignancy. The ability of color and power Doppler US to demonstrate testicular perfusion aids in reaching a specific diagnosis in patients with acute scrotal pain. This review covers the anatomy of the scrotum and the scanning protocol for scrotal US, as well as detailed descriptions of disease processes and their US appearances. Newly described conditions such as intratesticular varicoceles and other benign intratesticular cystic lesions are also discussed.

© RSNA, 2003

Index terms: Orchitis, 847.201, 847.202, 847.206 • Testis, abnormalities, 847.1472, 847.1477 • Testis, cysts, 847.311 • Testis, neoplasms, 847.31, 847.32 • Testis, torsion, 847.143 • Testis, undescended, 847.1477 • Testis, US, 847.12981, 847.12983, 847.12984 • Review




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
N. Johnson, S. Cassar, S. Bhatt, and V. S. Dogra
Fibrous Capsular Contracture of a Testicular Implant
J. Ultrasound Med., February 1, 2009; 28(2): 263 - 265.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
S. Bhatt and V. S. Dogra
Role of US in Testicular and Scrotal Trauma
RadioGraphics, October 1, 2008; 28(6): 1617 - 1629.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
W. G. Alleman, B. Gorman, B. F. King, D. R. Larson, J. C. Cheville, and A. Nehra
Benign and Malignant Epididymal Masses Evaluated With Scrotal Sonography: Clinical and Pathologic Review of 85 Patients
J. Ultrasound Med., August 1, 2008; 27(8): 1195 - 1202.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
R. N. Walker, T. J. Murphy, and M. L. Wilkerson
Testicular Hamartomas in a Patient With Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome
J. Ultrasound Med., August 1, 2008; 27(8): 1245 - 1248.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ImagingHome page
I Amaechi and P S Sidhu
Ultrasound in the assessment of the "on-call" acute scrotum
Imaging, June 1, 2008; 20(2): 131 - 138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ImagingHome page
A J Edey and P S Sidhu
Male infertility: role of imaging in the diagnosis and management
Imaging, June 1, 2008; 20(2): 139 - 146.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Radiol.Home page
A C TSILI, C TSAMPOULAS, D GIANNAKIS, M PAPASTEFANAKI, I TSIRIOPOULOS, N SOFIKITIS, and S C EFREMIDIS
Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis: MRI findings
Br. J. Radiol., June 1, 2008; 81(966): e166 - e169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
J. W. Stengel and E. M. Remer
Sonography of the Scrotum: Case-Based Review
Am. J. Roentgenol., June 1, 2008; 190(6_Supplement): S35 - S41.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
J. W. Stengel and E. M. Remer
Sonography of the Scrotum: Self-Assessment Module
Am. J. Roentgenol., June 1, 2008; 190(6_Supplement): S42 - S45.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
G. B. Chavhan, D. A. Parra, A. Mann, and O. M. Navarro
Normal Doppler Spectral Waveforms of Major Pediatric Vessels: Specific Patterns
RadioGraphics, May 1, 2008; 28(3): 691 - 706.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
Y. J. Jeong, S. Kim, S. W. Kwak, N. K. Lee, J. W. Lee, K.-I. Kim, K. U. Choi, and T. Y. Jeon
Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Conditions of Serosal Membrane Origin: CT Findings
RadioGraphics, May 1, 2008; 28(3): 801 - 818.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
P. R. Bhosale, M. Patnana, C. Viswanathan, and J. Szklaruk
The Inguinal Canal: Anatomy and Imaging Features of Common and Uncommon Masses
RadioGraphics, May 1, 2008; 28(3): 819 - 835.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
A. K. Sista and R. A. Filly
Color Doppler Sonography in Evaluation of Spermatoceles: The "Falling Snow" Sign
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2008; 27(1): 141 - 143.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
S. H. Kim, S. Park, S. H. Choi, W. K. Jeong, and J. H. Choi
Significant Predictors for Determination of Testicular Rupture on Sonography: A Prospective Study
J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2007; 26(12): 1649 - 1655.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
A. T. Turgut, E. Olcucuoglu, C. Turan, B. Kilicoglu, P. Kosar, P. O. Geyik, U. Kosar, and V. Dogra
Preoperative Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Testicular Volume and Blood Flow in Patients With Inguinal Hernias
J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2007; 26(12): 1657 - 1666.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
R. Tetreau, P. Julian, D. Lyonnet, and O. Rouviere
Intratesticular Varicocele: An Easy Diagnosis But Unclear Physiopathologic Characteristics
J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2007; 26(12): 1767 - 1773.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
A. C. Tsili, C. Tsampoulas, X. Giannakopoulos, D. Stefanou, Y. Alamanos, N. Sofikitis, and S. C. Efremidis
MRI in the Histologic Characterization of Testicular Neoplasms
Am. J. Roentgenol., December 1, 2007; 189(6): W331 - W337.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
S. Megremis, E. Papamitsaki, P. Ieromonachou, and E. Zois
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Paratestis: Sonographic Appearance With Pathologic Correlation
J. Ultrasound Med., September 1, 2007; 26(9): 1227 - 1230.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
W. Kim, M. A. Rosen, J. E. Langer, M. P. Banner, E. S. Siegelman, and P. Ramchandani
US MR Imaging Correlation in Pathologic Conditions of the Scrotum
RadioGraphics, September 1, 2007; 27(5): 1239 - 1253.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Radiol.Home page
H Purushothaman, M E K Sellars, J L Clarke, and P S Sidhu
Intratesticular haematoma: differentiation from tumour on clinical history and ultrasound appearances in two cases
Br. J. Radiol., August 1, 2007; 80(956): e184 - e187.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
E. M. Briceno-Garcia, A. Gomez-Pardal, G. Alvarez-Bustos, I. Artero-Munoz, M. M. Molinero, R. Seara-Valero, and V. Moreno-Ramirez
Tuberculous Orchiepididymitis After BCG Therapy for Bladder Cancer
J. Ultrasound Med., July 1, 2007; 26(7): 977 - 979.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
C. Deurdulian, C. A. Mittelstaedt, W. K. Chong, and J. R. Fielding
US of Acute Scrotal Trauma: Optimal Technique, Imaging Findings, and Management
RadioGraphics, March 1, 2007; 27(2): 357 - 369.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
A. T. Turgut, E. Ozden, P. Kosar, U. Kosar, B. Cakal, and A. Karabulut
Chronic Constipation as a Causative Factor for Development of Varicocele in Men: A Prospective Ultrasonographic Study
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2007; 26(1): 5 - 10.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
Y. J. Kim, M. W. Lee, H. J. Jeon, J. G. Yi, S. H. Paick, H. G. Kim, S. D. Lim, and T. S. Hwang
Sparganosis in the Scrotum: Sonographic Findings
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2007; 26(1): 129 - 131.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
P. Germaine and L. P. Simerman
Fibrous Pseudotumor of the Scrotum
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2007; 26(1): 133 - 138.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
V. R. Stewart, S. Sriprasad, S. Pomplun, K. Walsh, and P. S. Sidhu
Sonographic Features of a Spermatic Cord Capillary Hemangioma
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2007; 26(1): 139 - 142.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
A. R. N. Blask and H. G. Rushton
Sonographic appearance of the epididymis in pediatric testicular torsion.
Am. J. Roentgenol., December 1, 2006; 187(6): 1627 - 1635.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
S. Uppuluri, S. Bhatt, P. Tang, and V. S. Dogra
Clear cell papillary cystadenoma with sonographic and histopathologic correlation.
J. Ultrasound Med., November 1, 2006; 25(11): 1451 - 1453.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
A. T. Turgut, A. Unsal, E. Ozden, P. Kosar, U. Kosar, and L. Emir
Unilateral idiopathic hydrocele has a substantial effect on the ipsilateral testicular geometry and resistivity indices.
J. Ultrasound Med., July 1, 2006; 25(7): 837 - 843.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
H. J. Paltiel, L. A. Kalish, R. A. Susaeta, F. Frauscher, P. L. O'Kane, and L. G. Freitas-Filho
Pulse-Inversion US Imaging of Testicular Ischemia: Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses in a Rabbit Model
Radiology, June 1, 2006; 239(3): 718 - 729.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
D. Dibilio, G. Serafini, N. G. Gandolfo, and L. E. Derchi
Ultrasonographic findings of isolated torsion of the epididymis.
J. Ultrasound Med., March 1, 2006; 25(3): 417 - 419.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Journal of Diagnostic Medical SonographyHome page
M. H. Daghighi, A. H. Fathi, and H. Pourfathi
Assessment of Diagnostic Value of Sonography for Cryptorchidism
Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, January 1, 2006; 22(1): 42 - 47.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 RadioGraphicsHome page
C. Aso, G. Enriquez, M. Fite, N. Toran, C. Piro, J. Piqueras, and J. Lucaya
Gray-Scale and Color Doppler Sonography of Scrotal Disorders in Children: An Update
RadioGraphics, September 1, 2005; 25(5): 1197 - 1214.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
A. T. Turgut, U. Kosar, P. Kosar, and A. Karabulut
Scrotal Sonographic Findings in Equestrians
J. Ultrasound Med., July 1, 2005; 24(7): 911 - 917.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
S. Megremis, M. Michalakou, M. Mattheakis, E. Agianniotakis, and E. Sfakianaki
An Unusual Well-Circumscribed Intratesticular Traumatic Hematoma: Diagnosis and Follow-up by Sonography
J. Ultrasound Med., April 1, 2005; 24(4): 547 - 550.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Roentgenol.Home page
A. Aguado, T. H. Grant, F. H. Miller, and J. Garnett
Radiation-Induced Fibrosis of the Spermatic Cord: Sonographic and MRI Findings
Am. J. Roentgenol., March 1, 2005; 184(3_supp): S102 - S103.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
D. M. Yang, J. W. Lim, J. E. Kim, J. H. Kim, and H. Cho
Torsed Appendix Testis: Gray Scale and Color Doppler Sonographic Findings Compared With Normal Appendix Testis
J. Ultrasound Med., January 1, 2005; 24(1): 87 - 91.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
V. S. Dogra, D. J. Rubens, R. H. Gottlieb, and S. Bhatt
Torsion and Beyond: New Twists in Spectral Doppler Evaluation of the Scrotum
J. Ultrasound Med., August 1, 2004; 23(8): 1077 - 1085.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
V. Dogra, J. Nathan, and S. Bhatt
Sonographic Appearance of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tissue in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
J. Ultrasound Med., July 1, 2004; 23(7): 979 - 981.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Ultrasound MedHome page
F. Kantarci, I. Mihmanli, M. H. Yilmaz, S. Cetinkaya, D. Selcuk, and G. Ogut
Orchiopexy: A Cause of Benign Testicular Lobulation
J. Ultrasound Med., December 1, 2003; 22(12): 1417 - 1419.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Journal of Diagnostic Medical SonographyHome page
K. Having and R. Holtgrave
Trauma-Induced Testicular Rupture
Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography, November 1, 2003; 19(6): 379 - 381.
[Abstract] [PDF]