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Measurement of Carotid Wall Volume and Maximum Area with Contrast-enhanced 3D MR Imaging: Initial Observations¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (S.Z.); Departments of Radiology (S.Z., J.C., C.H., C.Y.) and Electrical Engineering (Y.L.) and Division of Vascular Surgery (T.S.H.), University of Washington, Seattle; The Mountain-Whisper-Light Statistical Consulting, Seattle, Wash (N.L.P.); and the Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China (J.C.). From the 2001 RSNA scientific assembly. Received April 24, 2002; revision requested June 21; final revision received November 5; accepted November 19. Supported in part by NIH grants HL56874, HL60213, and HL61851. Address correspondence to S.Z., Department of Radiology, MRI, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 (e-mail: zhang.shaoxiong@uhrad.com).

PURPOSE: To investigate whether postcontrast three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging would yield more accurate measurement of carotid artery wall volume and maximum wall area, which are both measures of plaque burden, than precontrast 3D MR imaging.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven consecutive patients scheduled to undergo carotid endarterectomy were recruited for the study. A 3D fast gradient-recalled-echo sequence was applied to acquire both precontrast and postcontrast images of the carotid artery wall. The same sequence was used to image the ex vivo excised plaque as a reference for measurement of carotid wall volume and maximum wall area.

RESULTS: The mean difference in maximum wall area between the precontrast in vivo measurements and the ex vivo measurements (mean ± SD, 18.22 mm² ± 15.61) was significantly larger than that between the postcontrast in vivo measurements and the ex vivo measurements (12.33 mm² ± 14.49) (P = .02). The difference in wall volume between the precontrast in vivo measurements and the ex vivo measurements (41.81 mm³ ± 36.51) was larger than that between the postcontrast in vivo measurements and the ex vivo measurements (32.73 mm³ ± 35.00) (P = .004). Postcontrast images yielded better correlation with ex vivo images than did precontrast images, in both carotid luminal area (R = 0.88 for postcontrast images, R = 0.80 for precontrast images) and outer wall boundary area (R = 0.79 for postcontrast images, R = 0.71 for precontrast images) measurements.

CONCLUSION: Postcontrast 3D MR imaging may be useful in the measurement of carotid artery plaque burden.

© RSNA, 2003

Index terms: Carotid arteries, MR, 1721.121412, 1721.12143 • Carotid arteries, stenosis or obstruction, 1721.721

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