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Evaluation of the Patient with Flank Pain and Possible Ureteral Calculus¹

¹ From the Department of Diagnostic Imaging, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Box 57, Houston, TX 77030 (E.P.T., P.M.S.); and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Evergreen Hospital Medical Center, Kirkland, Wash (W.P.S.). Received October 23, 2001; revision requested January 14, 2002; revision received July 23; accepted August 8. Address correspondence to E.P.T. (e-mail: etamm@di.mdacc.tmc.edu).

Flank pain due to urolithiasis is a common problem in patients presenting to emergency departments. Radiology plays a vital role in the work-up of these patients. Many modalities can be used, including ultrasonography, nuclear medicine, and the traditionally used techniques of intravenous urography and conventional radiography. The development of nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) (single– or multi–detector row helical) has provided a means to enable detection and characterization of urolithiasis with unprecedented sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy while yielding important information for treatment planning, including the size and location of calculi. This technique can also help detect causes for flank pain outside the genitourinary tract. However, close attention must be paid to all aspects of the CT study to prevent misdiagnoses.

© RSNA, 2003

Index terms: Genitourinary system, calculi, 80.811 • Genitourinary system, CT, 80.12111 • Genitourinary system, MR, 80.12141, 80.12143 • Genitourinary system, US, 80.12981 • Urography, 80.1221 • Review

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