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Thoracic Imaging |
1 From the Department of Radiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377–2 Oono-higashi, Osaka-Sayama City, Osaka 589-8511, Japan (K.A., Y.N.); Computational Science and Engineering Center, Fujitsu, Chiba, Japan (K.M., A.O.); Department of Radiology, Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan (M.K., H.H.); and Image Guided Therapy Clinic, Osaka, Japan (S.H.). Received January 13, 2003; revision requested March 20; final revision received July 7; accepted July 17. Address correspondence to K.A.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) on radiologists’ detection of pulmonary nodules.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty chest computed tomographic (CT) examination cases were used. The mean nodule size was 0.81 cm ± 0.60 (SD) (range, 0.3–2.9 cm). Alternative free-response receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis with a continuous rating scale was used to compare the observers’ performance in detecting nodules with and without use of CAD. Five board-certified radiologists and five radiology residents participated in an observer performance study. First they were asked to rate the probability of nodule presence without using CAD; then they were asked to rate the probability of nodule presence by using CAD.
RESULTS: For all radiologists, the mean areas under the best-fit alternative free-response ROC curves (Az) without and with CAD were 0.64 ± 0.08 and 0.67 ± 0.09, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P < .01). For the five board-certified radiologists, the mean Az values without and with CAD were 0.63 ± 0.08 and 0.66 ± 0.09, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P < .01). For the five resident radiologists, the mean Az values without and with CAD were 0.66 ± 0.04 and 0.68 ± 0.04, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P = .02). At observer performance analyses, there were no significant differences in Az values obtained either without (P = .61) or with (P = .88) CAD between the board-certified radiologists and the residents. For all radiologists, in the detection of pulmonary nodules 1.0 cm in diameter or smaller, the mean Az values without and with CAD were 0.60 ± 0.11 and 0.64 ± 0.11, respectively, indicating a significant difference (P < .01).
CONCLUSION: Use of the CAD system improved the board-certified radiologists’ and residents’ detection of pulmonary nodules at chest CT.
© RSNA, 2004
Index terms: Computers, diagnostic aid • Diagnostic radiology, observer performance • Lung, CT, 60.12111, 60.12115 • Lung, nodule, 60.281
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