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Published online before print March 18, 2004, 10.1148/radiol.2312030594
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(Radiology 2004;231:491-499.)
© RSNA, 2004

Experimental Studies

Liver Tumors: MR Imaging of Radioactive Holmium Microspheres—Phantom and Rabbit Study1

Johannes F. W. Nijsen, PhD, Jan-Henry Seppenwoolde, MSc, Thomas Havenith, MSc, Clemens Bos, PhD, Chris J. G. Bakker, PhD and Alfred D. van het Schip, PhD

1 From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre, Heidelberglaan 100, Room E02.222, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.F.W.N., T.H., A.D.v.h.S.); and Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.H.S., C.B., C.J.G.B.). Received April 15, 2003; revision requested July 1; revision received August 22; accepted October 8. Address correspondence to J.F.W.N. (e-mail: f.nijsen@azu.nl).

PURPOSE: To investigate the use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the administration and biodistribution of holmium-loaded poly(L-lactic acid) microspheres (Ho-PLLA-MS) in liver tumors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imaging measurements were obtained in phantoms, three ex vivo rabbit livers, and four livers in living rabbits. When applicable, measurements were compared with those on scintigraphic images. The transverse relaxivity R2* of the Ho-PLLA-MS was determined in a phantom study. The in vivo animal experiments were performed by using rabbits with an implanted VX2 tumor. Detection of passing Ho-PLLA-MS to estimate lung shunting was performed in a scaled model of the vena cava.

RESULTS: In the ex vivo liver experiments, the feasibility of real-time MR imaging during administration of microspheres was demonstrated. The in vivo rabbit experiments demonstrated that MR imaging can depict radioactive, nonradioactive, and decayed Ho-PLLA-MS after treatment for as long as they remain in the body. Furthermore, this study showed the ability of dynamic MR imaging to detect single doses of passing Ho-PLLA-MS.

CONCLUSION: Ho-PLLA-MS used for internal radionuclide therapy can be imaged clearly in vivo with MR imaging.

© RSNA, 2004

Index terms: Animals • Liver neoplasms, therapy, 761.12166, 761.1264, 761.1269 • Magnetic resonance (MR), experimental studies • Microspheres • Phantoms




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