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Assessment of Renal Hemodynamics and Function in Pigs with 64-Section Multidetector CT: Comparison with Electron-Beam CT¹

¹ From the Department of Medicine, Divisions of Nephrology and Hypertension (E.D., A.R.C., J.D.K., X.Y.Z., L.O.L.) and Cardiovascular Diseases (L.O.L.), Department of Radiology (A.N.P., C.H.M.), and Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering (E.L.R.), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905. From the 2005 RSNA Annual Meeting. Received April 13, 2006; revision requested June 21; revision received July 1; accepted August 2; final version accepted October 16. Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants DK-73608, HL-77131, and HL-72255; American Heart Association; an Award for Research in Cardiology (ARC) from the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine; and University of Study of Pisa, Italy. C.H.M., A.N.P. supported in part by grants from Siemens Medical Solutions. C.H.M. and A.N.P. supported in part by a grant from GE Healthcare. Address correspondence to L.O.L. (e-mail: lerman.lilach{at}mayo.edu).

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility of obtaining reliable measurements of renal hemodynamics and function by using 64-section multidetector CT.

Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Eight pigs (two with induced unilateral renal artery stenosis) were studied with both electron-beam CT and 64-section multidetector CT at 1-week intervals in randomized order. Both kidneys were scanned repeatedly, without table movement, for about 3 minutes after intravenous (IV) administration of a bolus of contrast medium and again during vasodilator challenge (acetylcholine). Images were reconstructed on each CT console but were analyzed on the same independent workstation. Attenuation changes in the kidneys were plotted as function of time, and time-attenuation curves (TACs) were subsequently analyzed to determine regional perfusion and volume, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and renal blood flow (RBF). Statistical analysis utilized Student t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear regression, and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results: TACs obtained with multidetector CT were qualitatively similar to those obtained with electron-beam CT, as were the quantitative values of renal perfusion and function. RBF correlated significantly between the two techniques (RBF_MD = 0.96 · RBF_EB mL/min; R = 0.77, P < .01). GFR_MD was also similar to GFR_EB (77.6 ± 8.3 vs 79.8 ± 8.8 mL/min, p > .05). Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between the two techniques. Both techniques similarly detected the differences between stenotic and contralateral kidneys.

Conclusion: The clinical multidetector CT scanner provides reliable measurements of single-kidney hemodynamics and function, which are similar to those obtained with previously validated electron-beam CT.

© RSNA, 2007