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Benign and Malignant Lesions in the Human Breast Depicted with Ultrahigh Resolution and Three-dimensional Optical Coherence Tomography¹

¹ From the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass (P.L.H., Y.C., A.D.A., J.G.F.); and the Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 (D.R.P., J.L.C.). Received September 5, 2006; revision requested October 30; revision received December 11; final version accepted January 29, 2007. Supported by U.S. Army Medical Research Material Command Program grant DAMD 17-01-1-156, National Institutes of Health grant RO1-CA75289-10, National Science Foundation grants ECS-05-22845 and BES-05-01478, Air Force Office of Scientific Research Medical Free Electron Laser Program grant F49620-01-1-0186, the Poduska Family Foundation Fund for Innovative Research in Cancer, and through the philanthropy of Gerhard Andlinger. Address correspondence to J.L.C. (e-mail: jconnoll{at}bidmc.harvard.edu).

Institutional review board approval at the participating institutions was obtained. Informed consent was waived for this HIPAA-compliant study. The study purpose was to establish the correspondence of optical coherence tomographic (OCT) image findings with histopathologic findings to understand which features characteristic of breast lesions can be visualized with OCT. Imaging was performed in 119 specimens from 35 women aged 29–81 years with 3.5-µm axial resolution and 6-µm transverse resolution at 1.1-µm wavelength on freshly excised specimens of human breast tissue. Three-dimensional imaging was performed in 43 specimens from 23 patients. Microstructure of normal breast parenchyma, including glands, lobules, and lactiferous ducts, and stromal changes associated with infiltrating cancer were visible. Fibrocystic changes and benign fibroadenomas were identified. Imaging of ductal carcinoma in situ, infiltrating cancer, and microcalcifications correlated with corresponding histopathologic findings. OCT is potentially useful for visualization of breast lesions at a resolution greater than that of currently available clinical imaging methods.

Supplemental material:
http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/2443061536/DC1
http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/2443061536/DC2

© RSNA, 2007