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DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2452061973
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(Radiology 2007;245:440-448.)
© RSNA, 2007

Experimental Studies

Left Ventricular Functional Assessment in Mice: Feasibility of High Spatial and Temporal Resolution ECG-gated Blood Pool SPECT1

Bennett B. Chin, MD, Scott D. Metzler, PhD, Anthony Lemaire, MD, Antonio Curcio, MD, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, BS, Kim L. Greer, CNMT, Neil A. Petry, MS, Timothy G. Turkington, PhD, R. Edward Coleman, MD, Howard Rockman, MD, and Ronald J. Jaszczak, PhD

1 From the Departments of Radiology (B.B.C., K.L.G., N.A.P., T.G.T., R.E.C., R.J.J.) and Medicine (A.L., A.C., S.V., H.R.), Duke University School of Medicine, Box 3808, Durham, NC 27710; and Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (S.D.M.). Received November 20, 2006; revision requested January 22, 2007; revision received February 23; final version accepted April 2. Address correspondence to B.B.C. (e-mail: chin0004{at}mc.duke.edu).

Purpose: To prospectively determine feasibility of evaluating murine left ventricular (LV) function with electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated blood pool single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

Materials and Methods: All animal studies had institutional animal care and use committee approval. SPECT was performed with conventional time-binned acquisition (eight frames per ECG cycle) in normal mice (normal group A, n = 6) and mice with myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 8). To determine feasibility of high temporal resolution and rapid data acquisition, another group of normal mice (normal group B, n = 4) underwent imaging with conventional (eight-frame) time-binned and list-mode (LM) acquisitions. LM acquisitions were reconstructed with eight and 16 frames per ECG cycle and 10 minutes of data (short LM). SPECT images were assessed visually, and LV-to–lung background activity ratios were calculated. LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes were defined with a phase analysis and threshold method. LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was calculated from LV volumes and count-based methods (n = 18 mice). Fractional shortening (FS) at echocardiography defined MI dysfunction (mild MI: FS ≥ 50%; severe MI: FS < 50%). Group means were compared for significant differences with analysis of variance.

Results: ECG-gated blood pool SPECT demonstrated normal, concentric LV contraction in all normal mice (n = 10). LV-to–lung background ratio was more than 10:1 (range, 10.3–29.4; n = 18). Focal wall motion abnormalities were detected at SPECT both visually and with phase analysis in all mice with severe MI (n = 5). Mice with severe MI had significantly lower LVEF than normal group A mice (32% ± 14 [standard deviation] vs 64% ± 8%; P < .001). All mice with mild MI (n = 3) had normal contraction and LVEF. In paired acquisitions in normal group B mice, all reconstructions (n = 16) showed normal LV contraction. LVEF was not significantly different (P = .88) between time-binned (71% ± 12), eight-frame LM (71% ± 12), 16-frame LM (77% ± 10), and short LM (73% ± 14) reconstructions.

Conclusion: Murine LV functional assessment is feasible with high spatial and temporal resolution ECG-gated blood pool SPECT. LV dysfunction can be quantified and focal wall motion abnormalities detected in the MI model of heart failure.

Supplemental material: http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/245/2/440/DC1

© RSNA, 2007




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