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Hepatic Metastases: In Vivo Assessment of Perfusion Parameters at Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging with Dual-Input Two-Compartment Tracer Kinetics Model¹

¹ From the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (T.S.K., S.H.); Department of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Center, Singapore (C.H.T., P.S.L., S.H.); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (H.R.); National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore (B.C.G.); and Department of Radiology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Theodor Stern Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany (S.B.). Received November 19, 2007; revision requested January 16, 2008; revision received February 11; accepted March 25; final version accepted April 3. Supported by grants SCS-CS-0072 and SCS-PN-0022 from the Singapore Cancer Syndicate. Address correspondence to S.B. (e-mail: s.bisdas{at}med.uni-frankfurt.de).

This study was institutional review board approved, with waived patient consent for retrospective analysis of the data. The hepatic perfusion at dynamic contrast material–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was commonly described and assessed by using a dual-input one-compartment tracer kinetics model. Although the tracer kinetics in normal liver parenchyma can be described by using a single compartment, functional changes in the tumor microenvironment can result in distinctly different tracer behavior that entails a second tissue compartment. A dual-input two-compartment model is proposed to describe the tracer behavior in hepatic metastases. The authors applied this model to the dynamic MR imaging data obtained in three patients. Perfusion parameter maps and region-of-interest analysis revealed that tracer behavior in hepatic metastases—in contrast to that in surrounding normal liver tissue, which effectively involves one compartment—can be described by using two compartments.

Supplemental material:
http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/2483071958/DC1
http://radiology.rsnajnls.org/cgi/content/full/2483071958/DC2

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