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Effects of Exposure of CHO-K1 Cells to a 10-T Static Magnetic Field¹

¹ From the Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Received July 30, 2001; revision requested September 9; final revision received March 18, 2002; accepted March 26. Supported in part by a grant-in-aid from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, and by a grant-in-aid from the Research for the Future Program, Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science. Address correspondence to J.M. (e-mail: miyakosh@mfour.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp).

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Figure 1a. (a) Schematic diagram of the SMF exposure system, which consists of a magnetic field generator with a CO2 incubator, a direct current (DC) power supply, a gas compressor, a thermocontroller for the incubator, and a cooling unit for the magnets. Photographs of the (b) condition control unit, (c) magnet with a built-in CO2 incubator, and (d) sham exposure unit also are shown.

View larger version (131K): [in a new window]   Figure 1b. (a) Schematic diagram of the SMF exposure system, which consists of a magnetic field generator with a CO2 incubator, a direct current (DC) power supply, a gas compressor, a thermocontroller for the incubator, and a cooling unit for the magnets. Photographs of the (b) condition control unit, (c) magnet with a built-in CO2 incubator, and (d) sham exposure unit also are shown.

View larger version (146K): [in a new window]   Figure 1c. (a) Schematic diagram of the SMF exposure system, which consists of a magnetic field generator with a CO2 incubator, a direct current (DC) power supply, a gas compressor, a thermocontroller for the incubator, and a cooling unit for the magnets. Photographs of the (b) condition control unit, (c) magnet with a built-in CO2 incubator, and (d) sham exposure unit also are shown.

View larger version (145K): [in a new window]   Figure 1d. (a) Schematic diagram of the SMF exposure system, which consists of a magnetic field generator with a CO2 incubator, a direct current (DC) power supply, a gas compressor, a thermocontroller for the incubator, and a cooling unit for the magnets. Photographs of the (b) condition control unit, (c) magnet with a built-in CO2 incubator, and (d) sham exposure unit also are shown.

View larger version (53K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. The CO2 incubator of the SMF exposure system. The incubator is made of acrylic resin. The numbers (-3 to +5) are the places for the plates from position 0. Position 0 is the center of the magnet bore. The plus and minus symbols are used to distinguish these positions.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 3a. Graphs illustrate the distributions of (a) magnetic flux density and (b) magnetic field gradient in the CO2 incubator.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Figure 3b. Graphs illustrate the distributions of (a) magnetic flux density and (b) magnetic field gradient in the CO2 incubator.

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Influence of the parted water phenomenon on the SMF exposure system. Ten milliliters of melted 0.5% agarose was seeded onto culture plates (100 mm in diameter). The plates were then exposed to an SMF in the exposure system. The numbers (-3 to +5) are plate positions. sham represents incubation in the sham-exposure unit.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 5a. Graphs depict the growth curves of CHO-K1 cells exposed to (a) a 10-T SMF and (b) a sham system. Plate positions (-3 to +5) are described in Figure 2. control refers to incubation in the conventional CO2 incubator with no magnetic field exposure. x-ray refers to 3-Gy x-ray irradiation followed by incubation in the conventional CO2 incubator. The data points represent the mean values in three separate experiments. The error bars represent the standard errors of the means in duplicate studies.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 5b. Graphs depict the growth curves of CHO-K1 cells exposed to (a) a 10-T SMF and (b) a sham system. Plate positions (-3 to +5) are described in Figure 2. control refers to incubation in the conventional CO2 incubator with no magnetic field exposure. x-ray refers to 3-Gy x-ray irradiation followed by incubation in the conventional CO2 incubator. The data points represent the mean values in three separate experiments. The error bars represent the standard errors of the means in duplicate studies.

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Figure 6. Graph depicts cell cycle distribution analyzed by using a flow cytometer. Plate positions 0, +1, and +3 are described in Figure 2. S represents sham exposure, and C represents incubation in the conventional CO2 incubator. Gray bars represent the G2/M cell growth phase; white bars, the S cell growth phase; and black bars, the G0/G1 cell growth phase. The data points represent the mean values in three separate experiments.

View larger version (43K): [in a new window]   Figure 7. Graph depicts induced micronucleus (MN) formation in CHO-K1 cells exposed to 1- and 10-T SMFs and to a sham system. Black bars indicate cells containing one micronucleus; gray bars, cells containing two micronuclei; and white bars, cells containing more than two micronuclei. Error bars indicate the standard errors of the means in duplicate studies. * indicates significant difference between the cells exposed to the sham system and those exposed to SMFs (P < .05, Fisher protected least significant difference test).