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B-flow Evaluation of Carotid Arterial Stenosis: Initial Experience¹

¹ From the University Clinic for Radiology, Department of Angiography and Interventional Radiology (R.A.B., J.L.), and the University Clinic for Internal Medicine II, Department of Angiology (M.R., I.K., R.A., E.M.), Vienna General Hospital, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. Received August 16, 2001; revision requested September 13; final revision received March 20, 2002; accepted March 26. Address correspondence to R.A.B. (e-mail: robert.bucek@akh-wien.ac.at).

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Diagram illustrates the basic principle of digitally encoded US technology. EQ = equalization. (Reprinted, with permission, from reference 18.)

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Diagram illustrates the key principle behind coded excitation. (Reprinted, with permission, from reference 18.)

View larger version (82K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. B-flow US image (longitudinal plane) obtained in a patient with high-grade stenosis (*) of the left ICA. Note the long poststenotic jet stream with well-defined margins (surrounded by white line) and the difference in gray-scale intensity outside this area.

View larger version (90K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. B-flow US image (longitudinal plane) obtained in a patient with moderate stenosis of the right ICA (*). The sharp difference in gray-scale intensity directly after the stenosis is marked with solid white lines, and the ill-defined margins of the poststenotic jet stream are marked with a dotted white line. Also note the short calcified plaque (arrow) with dorsal shadowing on the far margin of the ICA.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Figure 5a. Scatterplots indicate that there is no significant correlation of (a) maximum gray-scale intensity versus PSV in the ICA, (b) gray-scale versus the carotid ratio, (c) the length of the jet stream versus ICAS, and (d) the area of the jet stream versus ICAS. * = observer 2, = observer 1.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Figure 5b. Scatterplots indicate that there is no significant correlation of (a) maximum gray-scale intensity versus PSV in the ICA, (b) gray-scale versus the carotid ratio, (c) the length of the jet stream versus ICAS, and (d) the area of the jet stream versus ICAS. * = observer 2, = observer 1.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Figure 5c. Scatterplots indicate that there is no significant correlation of (a) maximum gray-scale intensity versus PSV in the ICA, (b) gray-scale versus the carotid ratio, (c) the length of the jet stream versus ICAS, and (d) the area of the jet stream versus ICAS. * = observer 2, = observer 1.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Figure 5d. Scatterplots indicate that there is no significant correlation of (a) maximum gray-scale intensity versus PSV in the ICA, (b) gray-scale versus the carotid ratio, (c) the length of the jet stream versus ICAS, and (d) the area of the jet stream versus ICAS. * = observer 2, = observer 1.