Published online before print October 30, 2003, 10.1148/radiol.2293021098
Living Donor Kidneys: Usefulness of Multi–Detector Row CT for Comprehensive Evaluation1
Jeong-Kon Kim, MD,
Soo-Youn Park, MD,
Heon-joon Kim, RT,
Chung-Soo Kim, MD,
Han-Jong Ahn, MD,
Tae-Young Ahn, MD and
Kyoung-Sik Cho, MD
1 From the Departments of Radiology (J.K.K., S.Y.P., H.j.K., K.S.C.) and Urology (C.S.K., H.J.A., T.Y.A.), Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, 388–1 Poongnap-dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138–736, Korea. Received September 2, 2002; revision requested October 31; final revision received March 21, 2003; accepted March 27. Address correspondence to K.S.C. (e-mail: kscho@amc.seoul.kr).
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Figure 1a. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor whose left kidney was donated; surgeons confirmed two arteries and one vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show two arteries (straight arrows) and one vein (black bent arrow in a) of the left kidney and one artery of the right kidney (arrowheads). Presence of a small supernumerary artery (double white arrows) and two veins (white bent arrows) of the right kidney is only suspicious but not clearly revealed. (c, d) Oblique coronal images with a thin-slab MIP clearly demonstrate a supernumerary artery (arrows in c) and two veins (arrows and arrowheads in d) of the right kidney.
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Figure 1b. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor whose left kidney was donated; surgeons confirmed two arteries and one vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show two arteries (straight arrows) and one vein (black bent arrow in a) of the left kidney and one artery of the right kidney (arrowheads). Presence of a small supernumerary artery (double white arrows) and two veins (white bent arrows) of the right kidney is only suspicious but not clearly revealed. (c, d) Oblique coronal images with a thin-slab MIP clearly demonstrate a supernumerary artery (arrows in c) and two veins (arrows and arrowheads in d) of the right kidney.
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Figure 1c. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor whose left kidney was donated; surgeons confirmed two arteries and one vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show two arteries (straight arrows) and one vein (black bent arrow in a) of the left kidney and one artery of the right kidney (arrowheads). Presence of a small supernumerary artery (double white arrows) and two veins (white bent arrows) of the right kidney is only suspicious but not clearly revealed. (c, d) Oblique coronal images with a thin-slab MIP clearly demonstrate a supernumerary artery (arrows in c) and two veins (arrows and arrowheads in d) of the right kidney.
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Figure 1d. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor whose left kidney was donated; surgeons confirmed two arteries and one vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show two arteries (straight arrows) and one vein (black bent arrow in a) of the left kidney and one artery of the right kidney (arrowheads). Presence of a small supernumerary artery (double white arrows) and two veins (white bent arrows) of the right kidney is only suspicious but not clearly revealed. (c, d) Oblique coronal images with a thin-slab MIP clearly demonstrate a supernumerary artery (arrows in c) and two veins (arrows and arrowheads in d) of the right kidney.
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Figure 2a. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor who donated a left kidney and in whom surgeons confirmed a supernumerary artery and vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show supernumerary artery (arrows) and a vein (arrowheads) to the lower pole of the left kidney, originating from the right common iliac artery and vein. (c) Oblique transverse thin-slab MIP demonstrates a supernumerary artery (white arrows) from the right common iliac artery (arrowheads). Black arrow = left common iliac artery. (d) Oblique coronal thin-slab MIP shows a supernumerary vein (arrows) from the lower pole of the left kidney to the right common iliac vein.
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Figure 2b. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor who donated a left kidney and in whom surgeons confirmed a supernumerary artery and vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show supernumerary artery (arrows) and a vein (arrowheads) to the lower pole of the left kidney, originating from the right common iliac artery and vein. (c) Oblique transverse thin-slab MIP demonstrates a supernumerary artery (white arrows) from the right common iliac artery (arrowheads). Black arrow = left common iliac artery. (d) Oblique coronal thin-slab MIP shows a supernumerary vein (arrows) from the lower pole of the left kidney to the right common iliac vein.
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Figure 2c. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor who donated a left kidney and in whom surgeons confirmed a supernumerary artery and vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show supernumerary artery (arrows) and a vein (arrowheads) to the lower pole of the left kidney, originating from the right common iliac artery and vein. (c) Oblique transverse thin-slab MIP demonstrates a supernumerary artery (white arrows) from the right common iliac artery (arrowheads). Black arrow = left common iliac artery. (d) Oblique coronal thin-slab MIP shows a supernumerary vein (arrows) from the lower pole of the left kidney to the right common iliac vein.
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Figure 2d. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor who donated a left kidney and in whom surgeons confirmed a supernumerary artery and vein. Anterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP show supernumerary artery (arrows) and a vein (arrowheads) to the lower pole of the left kidney, originating from the right common iliac artery and vein. (c) Oblique transverse thin-slab MIP demonstrates a supernumerary artery (white arrows) from the right common iliac artery (arrowheads). Black arrow = left common iliac artery. (d) Oblique coronal thin-slab MIP shows a supernumerary vein (arrows) from the lower pole of the left kidney to the right common iliac vein.
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Figure 3a. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor in whom a supernumerary artery to the left kidney (LK) was missed at prospective evaluation of CT angiography but was found at surgery. Retrospectively reconstructed posterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP and (c) oblique coronal thin-slab MIP show a supernumerary artery (arrows) below the dominant artery (arrowheads) to the left kidney. RK = right kidney
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Figure 3b. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor in whom a supernumerary artery to the left kidney (LK) was missed at prospective evaluation of CT angiography but was found at surgery. Retrospectively reconstructed posterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP and (c) oblique coronal thin-slab MIP show a supernumerary artery (arrows) below the dominant artery (arrowheads) to the left kidney. RK = right kidney
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Figure 3c. CT angiographic images in a living renal donor in whom a supernumerary artery to the left kidney (LK) was missed at prospective evaluation of CT angiography but was found at surgery. Retrospectively reconstructed posterior images obtained with (a) volume rendering and (b) MIP and (c) oblique coronal thin-slab MIP show a supernumerary artery (arrows) below the dominant artery (arrowheads) to the left kidney. RK = right kidney
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Figure 4a. (a) Anterior and (b) coronal oblique CT urographic images obtained with MIP show under-rotation of the left kidney. The contrast material passage is normal despite dilatation of the left renal pelvis.
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Figure 4b. (a) Anterior and (b) coronal oblique CT urographic images obtained with MIP show under-rotation of the left kidney. The contrast material passage is normal despite dilatation of the left renal pelvis.
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Copyright © 2003 by the Radiological Society of North America.
