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MR Procedures: Biologic Effects, Safety, and Patient Care¹

¹ From the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California; and Institute for Magnetic Resonance Safety, Education, and Research, 7511 McConnell Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90045 (F.G.S.); and Radnet Management, Los Angeles, Calif (J.V.C.). Received May 21, 2003; revision requested July 18; revision received August 8; accepted October 8. Address correspondence to F.G.S. (e-mail: frank.shellock@gte.net).

View larger version (61K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Example of an MR procedure screening form for patients. (Reprinted, with permission, from the Institute for Magnetic Resonance Safety, Education, and Research.)

View larger version (81K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Example of a screening form for individuals who must enter an MR environment. (Reprinted, with permission, from the Institute for Magnetic Resonance Safety, Education, and Research.)

View larger version (70K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Examples of aneurysm clips with a variety of shapes and sizes (different versions of Spetzler Titanium Aneurysm Clips; Healthcare Corporation, V. Mueller Neuro/Spine, San Carlos, Calif). Aneurysm clips may be made from various materials, including ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metals.

View larger version (127K): [in a new window]   Figure 4. Transverse T1-weighted spin-echo MR image (repetition time, 500 msec; echo time, 20 msec) of the brain obtained at 1.5 T in a patient with nonferromagnetic aneurysm clips. Note the presence of relatively small signal void artifacts (arrowheads) associated with these implants.

View larger version (129K): [in a new window]   Figure 5a. Examples of (a) an intravascular filter (Recovery Nitinol Filter; Bard Peripheral Vascular, Tempe, Ariz) and (b) stents (Endomed, Phoenix, Ariz) that have undergone MR safety testing.

View larger version (84K): [in a new window]   Figure 5b. Examples of (a) an intravascular filter (Recovery Nitinol Filter; Bard Peripheral Vascular, Tempe, Ariz) and (b) stents (Endomed, Phoenix, Ariz) that have undergone MR safety testing.