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Multi–Detector Row CT Attenuation Measurements: Assessment of Intra- and Interscanner Variability with an Anthropomorphic Body CT Phantom¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, New York University Medical Center, 560 First Ave, IRM 232, New York, NY 10016. Received December 19, 2005; revision requested February 9, 2006; revision received April 6; final version accepted May 8. Address correspondence to B.A.B. (e-mail: bernard.birnbaum{at}nyumc.org).

View larger version (115K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1a: Images of anthropomorphic CT phantom used to study multi–detector row CT scanner attenuation values. (a) Photograph (transverse view) shows phantom with customized 140-HU renal insert. K = Kidney. (b) Diagram of renal insert (side view) shows stacked 7-, 10-, and 15-mm-diameter cylindric cysts measuring 0 and 50 HU. (c) Transverse multi–detector row CT scan shows internal phantom components that simulate normal anatomic structures and both 0-HU (white arrow) and 50-HU (black arrow) cylindric cysts within left kidney.

View larger version (39K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1b: Images of anthropomorphic CT phantom used to study multi–detector row CT scanner attenuation values. (a) Photograph (transverse view) shows phantom with customized 140-HU renal insert. K = Kidney. (b) Diagram of renal insert (side view) shows stacked 7-, 10-, and 15-mm-diameter cylindric cysts measuring 0 and 50 HU. (c) Transverse multi–detector row CT scan shows internal phantom components that simulate normal anatomic structures and both 0-HU (white arrow) and 50-HU (black arrow) cylindric cysts within left kidney.

View larger version (121K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1c: Images of anthropomorphic CT phantom used to study multi–detector row CT scanner attenuation values. (a) Photograph (transverse view) shows phantom with customized 140-HU renal insert. K = Kidney. (b) Diagram of renal insert (side view) shows stacked 7-, 10-, and 15-mm-diameter cylindric cysts measuring 0 and 50 HU. (c) Transverse multi–detector row CT scan shows internal phantom components that simulate normal anatomic structures and both 0-HU (white arrow) and 50-HU (black arrow) cylindric cysts within left kidney.

View larger version (18K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 2: Graph shows multi–detector row CT scanner linearity. Mean tissue attenuation values obtained with the standard convolution kernel for each CT scanner are compared with reference-standard tissue attenuation values. For all five machines tested, scanner performance appears to closely parallel reference attenuation values.

View larger version (19K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 3: Graph shows interscanner variability for 0-HU cylindric renal cyst when standard convolution kernels are used. Mean attenuation values obtained with the GE and Philips multi–detector row CT scanners were significantly higher than those obtained with the Siemens units. Mean attenuation values with Siemens scanners appear to be centered near 0 HU, while those with GE and Philips scanners are centered closer to 9–10 HU.