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Cortical Deactivation in Mild Cognitive Impairment: High-Field-Strength Functional MR Imaging¹

¹ From the Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, 1527 Hosp North, Box 3808, Durham, NC 27710 (J.R.P., L.W., S.K., S.E.P., P.M.D.); Department of Radiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (M.J.S.); and Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC (T.T.T.T.). Received October 31, 2006; revision requested January 5, 2007; revision received January 18; final version accepted March 1. Supported by NIH R01AG019728. Address correspondence to J.R.P. (e-mail: jeffrey.petrella{at}duke.edu).

View larger version (56K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1a: Results of within-group voxelwise analysis for (a) control subjects, (b) patients with MCI, and (c) patients with mild AD. A one-sample t test was performed of the NE-versus-FE contrast (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10), and its results are displayed as color overlays on sagittal views of T1-weighted Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) canonical brain template. Red clusters show where the novel condition showed significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the familiar condition. Blue clusters show where the familiar condition demonstrated significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the novel condition. Color scale is in units of tscore.

View larger version (55K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1b: Results of within-group voxelwise analysis for (a) control subjects, (b) patients with MCI, and (c) patients with mild AD. A one-sample t test was performed of the NE-versus-FE contrast (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10), and its results are displayed as color overlays on sagittal views of T1-weighted Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) canonical brain template. Red clusters show where the novel condition showed significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the familiar condition. Blue clusters show where the familiar condition demonstrated significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the novel condition. Color scale is in units of tscore.

View larger version (48K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 1c: Results of within-group voxelwise analysis for (a) control subjects, (b) patients with MCI, and (c) patients with mild AD. A one-sample t test was performed of the NE-versus-FE contrast (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10), and its results are displayed as color overlays on sagittal views of T1-weighted Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) canonical brain template. Red clusters show where the novel condition showed significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the familiar condition. Blue clusters show where the familiar condition demonstrated significantly higher signal intensity magnitude compared with the novel condition. Color scale is in units of tscore.

View larger version (50K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 2a: Results of analysis of covariance modeled for a monotonic increase or decrease in magnitude of functional MR imaging signal intensity (NE vs FE) across groups from control subjects to patients with MCI to patients with mild AD, with age as a covariate. (a) Color overlays of a thresholded t map (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10) superimposed on sagittal views of T1-weighted MNI canonical brain template. Light blue indicates a decrease in functional MR imaging signal intensity across groups from control subjects to patients with MCI to patients with mild AD (images come from across-group comparison of all study subjects). Red indicates an increase. Numbers under each image are x-axis values in MNI coordinates. Negative-to-positive values indicate left-to-right hemisphere. Color scale is in units of t score. FFG = left fusiform gyrus, HC = left hippocampus, IFG = right inferior frontal gyrus, PMC = posteromedial cortex. (b) Plot of statistical parametric mapping parameter estimate of PMC cluster (from a) for each group, with standard errors.

View larger version (12K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 2b: Results of analysis of covariance modeled for a monotonic increase or decrease in magnitude of functional MR imaging signal intensity (NE vs FE) across groups from control subjects to patients with MCI to patients with mild AD, with age as a covariate. (a) Color overlays of a thresholded t map (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10) superimposed on sagittal views of T1-weighted MNI canonical brain template. Light blue indicates a decrease in functional MR imaging signal intensity across groups from control subjects to patients with MCI to patients with mild AD (images come from across-group comparison of all study subjects). Red indicates an increase. Numbers under each image are x-axis values in MNI coordinates. Negative-to-positive values indicate left-to-right hemisphere. Color scale is in units of t score. FFG = left fusiform gyrus, HC = left hippocampus, IFG = right inferior frontal gyrus, PMC = posteromedial cortex. (b) Plot of statistical parametric mapping parameter estimate of PMC cluster (from a) for each group, with standard errors.

View larger version (47K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 3: Results of correlation analysis between magnitude of functional MR imaging signal intensity and CVLT delayed recall score. Regions that had significant correlation (P < .001; cluster threshold: 10) between magnitude of functional MR imaging signal and CVLT delayed recall score, on the basis of voxelwise correlation coefficient analysis, are demonstrated in color overlays superimposed on sagittal views of T1-weighted MNI canonical brain template (images come from across-group comparison of all study subjects). Light blue indicates a negative correlation, whereas red indicates a positive correlation. Color scale is in units of tscore. Numbers under each image are x-axis values in MNI coordinates. Negative-to-positive values indicate left-to-right hemisphere.

View larger version (16K): [in this window] [in a new window] [Download PPT slide]   Figure 4: Scatterplots show functional MR imaging activation magnitude, in selected regions, as a function of the CVLT II delayed recall score across all 75 subjects in the study. FFG-L = left fusiform gyrus, HC-L = left hippocampus, IFG-R = right inferior frontal gyrus.