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Figure 2. Point estimates (•) and 95% CIs (horizontal bars) of the risk difference between TIPS creation and conventional treatment show that TIPS creation significantly increases the risk of portosystemic encephalopathy. Risk differences represented to the left of the 0-difference line (the equivalence line) denote an advantage for TIPS creation; those to the right denote an advantage for conventional therapy (CT). CI bars that do not cross the 0-difference line denote a statistically significant advantage. "Overall" denotes the pooled risk difference. Trials reported in full articles are listed before those reported in abstracts, and all are listed in ascending order of year of publication. Each trial is identified by the name of the first author. z = z value, 2P = two-sided P value, #Pts = number of patients included in each trial.