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Published online before print December 11, 2001, 10.1148/radiol.2222011830

(Radiology 2002;222:305.)

A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2002
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© RSNA, 2001

Special Report


Editor’s Note: The two patients described in this article have been recently reported on in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA 2001; 286:2549–2553). However, in view of the importance of this information to the imaging community, the more extensive emphasis on the spectrum and follow-up of imaging findings, and the potentially different readership of Radiology and JAMA, we are publishing this report in Radiology. —Anthony V. Proto, MD, Editor

Inhalational Anthrax after Bioterrorism Exposure: Spectrum of Imaging Findings in Two Surviving Patients1

James P. Earls, MD, Donald Cerva, Jr, MD, Elise Berman, MD, Jonathan Rosenthal, MD, Naaz Fatteh, MD, Pierre P. Wolfe, MD, Ronald Clayton, MD, Cecele Murphy, MD, Denis Pauze, MD, Thom Mayer, MD, Susan Bersoff-Matcha, MD and Bruce Urban, MD

1 From the Departments of Radiology (J.P.E., D.C., E.B., B.U.) and Emergency Medicine (C.M., D.P., T.M.), INOVA Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Va; Fairfax Radiological Consultants, 2722 Merrilee Dr, Fairfax VA 22031 (J.P.E., D.C., E.B., B.U.); and Departments of Infectious Disease (J.R., N.F., S.B.M.) and Pulmonary Medicine (P.P.W., R.C.), Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente, Fairfax, Va. Received November 16, 2001; revision requested November 19; revision received November 25; accepted November 27. Address correspondence to J.P.E. (e-mail: jpearls@yahoo.com).

The radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) findings in two patients with documented inhalational anthrax resulting from bioterrorism exposure are presented. Chest radiographs demonstrated mediastinal widening, adenopathy, pleural effusions, and air-space disease. Chest CT images revealed enlarged hyperattenuating mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes and edema of mediastinal fat. Chest CT findings are helpful for making the initial diagnosis. To the authors’ knowledge, the spectrum and follow-up of CT findings have not been previously described.

Index terms: Anthrax • Lung, CT, 60.12111, 60.12112 • Lung, infection, 60.2019 • Special Reports




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