| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Review |
1 From the Departments of Radiology (J.A.H.) and Health Evaluation Sciences (V.E.B.), University of Virginia, Box 800170, Charlottesville, VA 22908. Received July 18, 2002; revision requested August 27; revision received October 23; accepted January 8, 2003. Address correspondence to J.A.H. (e-mail: jah7w@virginia.edu).
Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate independent risk factor for breast cancer, with findings of published studies in which quantitative methods of assessment were used showing a positive association. Breast density may be quantified by using visual assessment or planimetry. Although the category definitions vary, the odds ratio for developing breast cancer for the most dense compared with the least dense breast tissue categories ranges from 1.8 to 6.0, with most studies yielding an odds ratio of 4.0 or greater. Plausible explanations for the association of breast density with increased breast cancer risk may be the development of premalignant lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, elevated growth factors, or increased estrogen production within the breast due to overactive aromatase. The amount of breast density may be due in part to genetic heredity. However, unlike other risk factors, breast density may be influenced. Specifically, breast density is very hormonally responsive and potentially may be influenced by lifestyle factors such as alcohol intake and diet. Assessment of breast density may become useful in risk assessment and prevention decisions.
© RSNA, 2003
Index terms: Breast, density, 00.92 • Breast neoplasms, diagnosis, 00.30 • Breast neoplasms, radiography, 00.11, 00.1215, 00.30 • Radiography, digital, 00.1215 • Review
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  W. A. Berg, J. D. Blume, J. B. Cormack, E. B. Mendelson, D. Lehrer, M. Bohm-Velez, E. D. Pisano, R. A. Jong, W. P. Evans, M. J. Morton, et al. Combined Screening With Ultrasound and Mammography vs Mammography Alone in Women at Elevated Risk of Breast Cancer JAMA, May 14, 2008; 299(18): 2151 - 2163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. M. Blackmore, J. A. Knight, and L. Lilge Association between Transillumination Breast Spectroscopy and Quantitative Mammographic Features of the Breast Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2008; 17(5): 1043 - 1050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Lee, M. Pintilie, D. C. Hodgson, P. E. Goss, and M. Crump Screening mammography for young women treated with supradiaphragmatic radiation for Hodgkin's lymphoma Ann. Onc., January 1, 2008; 19(1): 62 - 67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K M Blackmore, J A Knight, R Jong, and L Lilge Assessing breast tissue density by transillumination breast spectroscopy (TIBS): an intermediate indicator of cancer risk Br. J. Radiol., July 1, 2007; 80(955): 545 - 556. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. J. R. Porter, A. J. Evans, E. J. Cornford, H. C. Burrell, J. J. James, A. H. S. Lee, and J. Chakrabarti Influence of Mammographic Parenchymal Pattern in Screening-Detected and Interval Invasive Breast Cancers on Pathologic Features, Mammographic Features, and Patient Survival Am. J. Roentgenol., March 1, 2007; 188(3): 676 - 683. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Sickles Wolfe Mammographic Parenchymal Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk Am. J. Roentgenol., February 1, 2007; 188(2): 301 - 303. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. F. Boyd, H. Guo, L. J. Martin, L. Sun, J. Stone, E. Fishell, R. A. Jong, G. Hislop, A. Chiarelli, S. Minkin, et al. Mammographic Density and the Risk and Detection of Breast Cancer N. Engl. J. Med., January 18, 2007; 356(3): 227 - 236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Fabian and B. F. Kimler Mammographic Density: Use in Risk Assessment and as a Biomarker in Prevention Trials J. Nutr., October 1, 2006; 136(10): 2705S - 2708S. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. E. Barlow, E. White, R. Ballard-Barbash, P. M. Vacek, L. Titus-Ernstoff, P. A. Carney, J. A. Tice, D. S. M. Buist, B. M. Geller, R. Rosenberg, et al. Prospective breast cancer risk prediction model for women undergoing screening mammography. J Natl Cancer Inst, September 6, 2006; 98(17): 1204 - 1214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Chen, D. Pee, R. Ayyagari, B. Graubard, C. Schairer, C. Byrne, J. Benichou, and M. H. Gail Projecting absolute invasive breast cancer risk in white women with a model that includes mammographic density. J Natl Cancer Inst, September 6, 2006; 98(17): 1215 - 1226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Crandall, A. Karlamangla, M.-H. Huang, G. Ursin, M. Guan, and G. A. Greendale Association of New-Onset Breast Discomfort With an Increase in Mammographic Density During Hormone Therapy Arch Intern Med, August 14, 2006; 166(15): 1578 - 1584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Mitchell, A. C. Antoniou, R. Warren, S. Peock, J. Brown, R. Davies, J. Mattison, M. Cook, I. Warsi, D. G. Evans, et al. Mammographic Density and Breast Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 66(3): 1866 - 1872. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Diorio, S. Berube, C. Byrne, B. Masse, N. Hebert-Croteau, M. Yaffe, G. Cote, M. Pollak, and J. Brisson Influence of Insulin-like Growth Factors on the Strength of the Relation of Vitamin D and Calcium Intakes to Mammographic Breast Density Cancer Res., January 1, 2006; 66(1): 588 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Diorio, M. Pollak, C. Byrne, B. Masse, N. Hebert-Croteau, M. Yaffe, G. Cote, S. Berube, C. Morin, and J. Brisson Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, IGF-Binding Protein-3, and Mammographic Breast Density Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., May 1, 2005; 14(5): 1065 - 1073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J.-P. Delille, P. J. Slanetz, E. D. Yeh, D. B. Kopans, E. F. Halpern, and L. Garrido Hormone Replacement Therapy in Postmenopausal Women: Breast Tissue Perfusion Determined with MR Imaging--Initial Observations Radiology, April 1, 2005; 235(1): 36 - 41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Aiello, D. S.M. Buist, E. White, and P. L. Porter Association between Mammographic Breast Density and Breast Cancer Tumor Characteristics Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., March 1, 2005; 14(3): 662 - 668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| RADIOLOGY | RADIOGRAPHICS | RSNA JOURNALS ONLINE |
