SCIENCE TO PRACTICE:

Vivian S. Lee

Science to Practice: Can MR Imaging Replace Liver Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Early Fibrosis?
Aguirre et al found that the combined use of gadolinium-based and superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agents yields high sensitivity (93%) for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.
Radiology 2006 239: 309-310 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392051872); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

COMMUNICATIONS:

   Special Communications:

Theresa C. McLoud

Search for a New Editor
Radiology 2006 239: 311-312 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2381052554); [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Letters to the Editor:

Nicolas A. Diehm, Felix Mahler, Dai-Do Do, Iris Baumgartner, Roswitha M. Wolfram, Boris Pokrajac, Erich Minar, Richard Potter, and Alexandra C. Budinsky

Endovascular Brachytherapy
Radiology 2006 239: 610-611 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392051233); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Khader M. Hasan and James Provenzale

Diffusion Tensor Eigenvalues or Both Mean Diffusivity and Fractional Anisotropy Are Required in Quantitative Clinical Diffusion Tensor MR Reports: Fractional Anisotropy Alone Is Not Sufficient
Radiology 2006 239: 611-613 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392051172); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Joseph B. Selvanayagam

Imaging Quantification of Infarct Size
Radiology 2006 239: 613 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392051310); [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Errata:

Erratum
Radiology 2006 239: 613 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062552); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Erratum
Radiology 2006 239: 613 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062556); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Erratum
Radiology 2006 239: 613 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062562); [Full Text] [PDF]  

   In Memoriam:

Alexander Norbash

Richard Tello, MD
Radiology 2006 239: 614-615 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062555); [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

REVIEWS AND COMMENTARY:

   Editorials:

Perry J. Pickhardt

Incidence of Colonic Perforation at CT Colonography: Review of Existing Data and Implications for Screening of Asymptomatic Adults
The actual risk of colonic perforation at CT colonography is exceedingly low and may likely approach zero in asymptomatic patients who are undergoing screening when specific techniques are employed.
Radiology 2006 239: 313-316 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392052002); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Abraham H. Dachman

Advice for Optimizing Colonic Distention and Minimizing Risk of Perforation during CT Colonography
Successful colonic distention with CT colonography is multifactorial and requires knowledge and experience on the part of the technologist or radiologist monitoring the insufflation.
Radiology 2006 239: 317-321 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392051374); [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Review:

W. Richard Webb

Thin-Section CT of the Secondary Pulmonary Lobule: Anatomy and the Image—The 2004 Fleischner Lecture
The secondary pulmonary lobule is a fundamental unit of lung structure, and an understanding of lobular anatomy is essential to the interpretation of thin-section CT scans of the lung.
Radiology 2006 239: 322-338. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392041968 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Book Reviews:

Essentials of Radiology
Radiology 2006 239: 339 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062553); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Imaging Strategies for the Shoulder: A Multimodality Manual
Radiology 2006 239: 339-340 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392062554); [Full Text] [PDF]  

ORIGINAL RESEARCH:

   Breast Imaging:

Ako Itoh, Ei Ueno, Eriko Tohno, Hiroshi Kamma, Hideto Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Shiina, Makoto Yamakawa, and Takeshi Matsumura

Breast Disease: Clinical Application of US Elastography for Diagnosis
We believe that elastography can complement conventional US, thereby making it easier to diagnose breast lesions.
Radiology 2006 239: 341-350. Published online before print February 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2391041676 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Andrea Teifke, Oliver Behr, Markus Schmidt, Anja Victor, Toni W. Vomweg, Manfred Thelen, and Hans-Anton Lehr

Dynamic MR Imaging of Breast Lesions: Correlation with Microvessel Distribution Pattern and Histologic Characteristics of Prognosis
A higher ratio of microvessels in the tumor periphery to tumor center in malignant lesions compared with that in benign lesions correlates with a higher enhancement ratio and visible rim enhancement, both associated with unfavorable histomorphologic prognostic tumor features.
Radiology 2006 239: 351-360. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050205 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Anwar R. Padhani, Carmel Hayes, Laura Assersohn, Trevor Powles, Andreas Makris, John Suckling, Martin O. Leach, and Janet E. Husband

Prediction of Clinicopathologic Response of Breast Cancer to Primary Chemotherapy at Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging: Initial Clinical Results
After one or two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumor size is best for helping predict eventual tumor regression, but changes in transfer constant are equally accurate in helping identify patients in whom no clinical or pathologic benefit would be gained after two cycles of treatment.
Radiology 2006 239: 361-374. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392021099 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Marilyn J. Morton, Dana H. Whaley, Kathleen R. Brandt, and Kimberly K. Amrami

Screening Mammograms: Interpretation with Computer-aided Detection—Prospective Evaluation
We found that the use of computer-aided detection analysis in the interpretation of 21 349 screening mammograms resulted in a 7.62% increase in the breast cancer detection rate.
Radiology 2006 239: 375-383. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392042121 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Elizabeth Lazarus, Martha B. Mainiero, Barbara Schepps, Susan L. Koelliker, and Linda S. Livingston

BI-RADS Lexicon for US and Mammography: Interobserver Variability and Positive Predictive Value
The addition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon for US is helpful and can be used with good agreement among radiologists, even those without specific training in the new terminology.
Radiology 2006 239: 385-391. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392042127 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Contrast Media:

Qasim Ali Rao and Jeffrey H. Newhouse

Risk of Nephropathy after Intravenous Administration of Contrast Material: A Critical Literature Analysis
Controlled series that support the hypothesis that intravenously administered contrast material is potentially nephrotoxic are conspicuously absent and both this lack of control data and a tendency not to distinguish series involving intravenous contrast material from those involving cardiac angiography with its attendant risks are possibly responsible for a consensus about the erroneously exaggerated risk of renal dysfunction due to intravenous contrast material.
Radiology 2006 239: 392-397. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050413 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Experimental Studies:

Claudia Schueller-Weidekamm, Esther Wassermann, Heinz Redl, Mathias Prokop, Michael Zimpfer, Christian Herold, Peter Germann, and Roman Ullrich

Dynamic CT Measurement of Pulmonary Enhancement in Piglets with Experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
The results of our study suggest that dynamic contrast-enhanced CT can help differentiate between permeability and hydrostatic lung edema in an animal model.
Radiology 2006 239: 398-405 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392042177); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Nina M. Menezes, Elizabeth A. Olear, Xiaoming Li, Susan A. Connolly, David Zurakowski, Mary Foley, Frederic Shapiro, and Diego Jaramillo

Gadolinium-enhanced MR Images of the Growing Piglet Skeleton: Ionic versus Nonionic Contrast Agent
Our data suggest different optimal roles for nonionic and ionic contrast agents: Nonionic contrast material appears to be better suited for evaluating perfusion of cartilaginous and bony tissues, whereas ionic contrast material may better reflect differences in cartilage composition—namely, glycosaminoglycan content.
Radiology 2006 239: 406-414 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050360); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jean-Paul Fortin-Ripoche, Marie Sophie Martina, Florence Gazeau, Christine Ménager, Claire Wilhelm, Jean-Claude Bacri, Sylviane Lesieur, and Olivier Clément

Magnetic Targeting of Magnetoliposomes to Solid Tumors with MR Imaging Monitoring in Mice: Feasibility
Efficient magnetic targeting of magnetoliposomes toward tumor capillaries, followed by mild retention in the tumor interstitium, was achieved by using an external magnet.
Radiology 2006 239: 415-424. Published online before print March 20 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392042110 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Gastrointestinal Imaging:

Diego A. Aguirre, Cynthia A. Behling, Elliot Alpert, Tarek I. Hassanein, and Claude B. Sirlin

Liver Fibrosis: Noninvasive Diagnosis with Double Contrast Material–enhanced MR Imaging
Herein, we provide proof of the concept that use of a double-enhanced MR imaging protocol enables accurate differentiation between advanced and less severe hepatic fibrosis; although diagnostic performance depended on the sequence and the scoring system, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values higher than 90% were achievable.
Radiology 2006 239: 425-437 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050505); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Elizabeth M. Hecht, Agnes E. Holland, Gary M. Israel, Winnie Y. Hahn, Danny C. Kim, A. Brian West, James S. Babb, Bachir Taouli, Vivian S. Lee, and Glenn A. Krinsky

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Cirrhotic Liver: Gadolinium-enhanced 3D T1-weighted MR Imaging as a Stand-alone Sequence for Diagnosis
Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging can be used as a stand-alone sequence for the diagnosis of HCC in patients with cirrhosis prior to liver transplantation.
Radiology 2006 239: 438-447 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050551); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chiao-Yun Chen, Chun-Wei Li, Yu-Ting Kuo, Twei-Shiun Jaw, Ding-Kwo Wu, Jo-Chi Jao, Jui-Sheng Hsu, and Gin-Chung Liu

Early Response of Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: Choline Levels and MR Diffusion Constants—Initial Experience
A combination of ¹H MR spectroscopy (for choline) and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (for apparent diffusion coefficient) might turn out to be useful for assessing the early therapeutic responses in large hepatocellular carcinomas after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and for guiding patient care.
Radiology 2006 239: 448-456. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392042202 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jacob Sosna, Arye Blachar, Michal Amitai, Elisha Barmeir, Natan Peled, S. Nahum Goldberg, and Jacob Bar-Ziv

Colonic Perforation at CT Colonography: Assessment of Risk in a Multicenter Large Cohort
Perforation of the colon and rectum is a relatively rare but important complication of CT colonography, especially in symptomatic patients, with surgical treatment often required.
Radiology 2006 239: 457-463. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050287 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

David Burling, Steve Halligan, Andrew Slater, Michael J. Noakes, and Stuart A. Taylor

Potentially Serious Adverse Events at CT Colonography in Symptomatic Patients: National Survey of the United Kingdom
We found potentially serious adverse events that were associated with CT colonography in 0.08% of patients when it was used to investigate patients with symptoms of colorectal cancer.
Radiology 2006 239: 464-471. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392051101 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ambros J. Beer, Hinrich A. Wieder, Florian Lordick, Katja Ott, Michael Fischer, Karen Becker, Jens Stollfuss, and Ernst J. Rummeny

Adenocarcinomas of Esophagogastric Junction: Multi–Detector Row CT to Evaluate Early Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
The detection of early changes in tumor volume after 14 days of chemotherapy enabled the prediction of subsequent histopathologic tumor response with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 53%.
Radiology 2006 239: 472-480. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2391050043 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Genitourinary Imaging:

Roel A. M. Heesakkers, Jurgen J. Fütterer, Anke M. Hövels, Harrie C. M. van den Bosch, Tom W. J. Scheenen, Yvonne L. Hoogeveen, and Jelle O. Barentsz

Prostate Cancer Evaluated with Ferumoxtran-10–enhanced T2*-weighted MR Imaging at 1.5 and 3.0 T: Early Experience
It is feasible to perform ferumoxtran-10–enhanced MR imaging at a magnetic field strength of 3.0 T—and thus with a higher spatial resolution—and achieve improved image quality compared with the image quality achieved at 1.5 T.
Radiology 2006 239: 481-487 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050411); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Musculoskeletal Imaging:

Catherine M. Phan, Maiko Matsuura, Jan S. Bauer, Timothy C. Dunn, David Newitt, Eva M. Lochmueller, Felix Eckstein, Sharmila Majumdar, and Thomas M. Link

Trabecular Bone Structure of the Calcaneus: Comparison of MR Imaging at 3.0 and 1.5 T with Micro-CT as the Standard of Reference
Trabecular bone architecture is better visualized at 3.0-T MR than at 1.5-T MR by using micro-CT–derived structural measures as a standard of reference.
Radiology 2006 239: 488-496. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050574 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Eric Y. Chang, Daniel A. Moses, James S. Babb, and Mark E. Schweitzer

Shoulder Impingement: Objective 3D Shape Analysis of Acromial Morphologic Features
We were unable to distinguish any consistently down-sloping area in the impingement group, and our results lead us to believe that subacromial impingement syndrome and rotator cuff tears are not caused by primary extrinsic osseous impingement.
Radiology 2006 239: 497-505. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050324 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Neuroradiology:

Ion-Florin Talos, Kelly H. Zou, Lucila Ohno-Machado, Jui G. Bhagwat, Ron Kikinis, Peter M. Black, and Ferenc A. Jolesz

Supratentorial Low-Grade Glioma Resectability: Statistical Predictive Analysis Based on Anatomic MR Features and Tumor Characteristics
With use of computerized image analysis and statistical tools, the main variables associated with incomplete resection of supratentorial low-grade gliomas were identified, and on the basis of these results, a statistical predictive model of tumor resectability was developed.
Radiology 2006 239: 506-513 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050661); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Pediatric Imaging:

M. Beth McCarville, Henrique M. Lederman, Victor M. Santana, Najat C. Daw, Stephen J. Shochat, Chin-Shang Li, and Robert A. Kaufman

Distinguishing Benign from Malignant Pulmonary Nodules with Helical Chest CT in Children with Malignant Solid Tumors
We have shown that there are important differences between children and adults regarding the CT imaging features of pulmonary nodules.
Radiology 2006 239: 514-520 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050631); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Special Reports:

Alberto Miguel-Dasit, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Rafael Aleixandre, Pilar Sanfeliu, and Daniel Bautista

Publication of Material Presented at Radiologic Meetings: Authors' Country and International Collaboration
The majority of articles that originated in nine different European countries and were published in journals ranked in the top quartile were published in journals edited in the United States, chiefly Radiology.
Radiology 2006 239: 521-528. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050162 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Mary C. Frates, Carol B. Benson, Kelly H. Zou, Peter M. Doubilet, Anthony Gerdeman, and Christopher R. B. Merritt

Does Hands-on Obstetric US Experience Improve Performance on the Radiology Oral Board Examination?
While hands-on training is clearly valued as part of radiology residency training in US, learning to interpret US images can be done equally as well without hands-on training as with it.
Radiology 2006 239: 529-532. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392041566 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Technical Developments:

Anthony J. Fitzgerald, Vincent P. Wallace, Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Lynda Bobrow, Richard J. Pye, Anand D. Purushotham, and Donald D. Arnone

Terahertz Pulsed Imaging of Human Breast Tumors
We have shown in this pilot study that under controlled experimental conditions it is possible to locate, in excised human breast tissue, the margins of invasive and in situ carcinomas on terahertz images, with good comparison with histopathologic findings.
Radiology 2006 239: 533-540. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392041315 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Shigeru Suzuki, Shigeru Furui, Hiroshi Kohtake, Tohru Takeshita, Masatoshi Suzuki, Ken Kozuma, Yoshito Yamamoto, and Takaaki Isshiki

Radiosensitive Functional Dye: Clinical Application for Estimation of Patient Skin Dose
The described method involving the use of radiosensitive indicators seems to be useful for estimating entrance skin doses and their distribution during percutaneous coronary interventions, although visual observation is reliable for estimating doses of up to 5 Gy only.
Radiology 2006 239: 541-546. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050504 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Quan-Sing Ng, Vicky Goh, Heinz Fichte, Ernst Klotz, Pat Fernie, Michele I. Saunders, Peter J. Hoskin, and Anwar R. Padhani

Lung Cancer Perfusion at Multi–Detector Row CT: Reproducibility of Whole Tumor Quantitative Measurements
We have described a helical multi–detector row CT technique that permits quantitative whole tumor perfusion assessment and with which good measurement reproducibility can be achieved.
Radiology 2006 239: 547-553. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050568 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Feng Chen, Xihe Sun, Frederik De Keyzer, Jie Yu, Ronald Peeters, Walter Coudyzer, Vincent Vandecaveye, Willy Landuyt, Hilde Bosmans, Paul Van Hecke, Guy Marchal, and Yicheng Ni

Liver Tumor Model with Implanted Rhabdomyosarcoma in Rats: MR Imaging, Microangiography, and Histopathologic Analysis
This liver tumor model was investigated with comprehensive MR imaging techniques—including diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion-weighted imaging, and MR spectroscopy with a clinical 1.5-T MR imager.
Radiology 2006 239: 554-562. Published online before print March 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050277 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Thoracic Imaging:

Christoph Engelke, Ernst J. Rummeny, and Katharina Marten

Pulmonary Embolism at Multi–Detector Row CT of Chest: One-year Survival of Treated and Untreated Patients
There may be evidence that patients with a high degree of coexisting morbidity factors and a pulmonary embolism of minor severity may have a better short-term prognosis when they are not treated or when they receive prophylactic anticoagulant therapy (ACT) instead of therapeutic ACT.
Radiology 2006 239: 563-575. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050118 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Martine Remy-Jardin, Philippe Dumont, Pierre-Yves Brillet, Philippe Dupuis, Alain Duhamel, and Jacques Remy

Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations Treated with Embolotherapy: Helical CT Evaluation of Long-term Effectiveness after 2–21-Year Follow-up
Our long-term helical CT follow-up of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) that were initially successfully treated revealed successful results for 75% of PAVMs.
Radiology 2006 239: 576-585. Published online before print February 16 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2391050333 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Claudia I. Henschke, In-Jae Lee, Ning Wu, Ali Farooqi, Arfa Khan, David Yankelevitz, Nasser K. Altorki For the ELCAP and NYELCAP Investigators

CT Screening for Lung Cancer:Prevalence and Incidence of Mediastinal Masses
Thymic masses were the most frequent type of mediastinal mass, with a prevalence of 0.45% at baseline CT screening, but most remained unchanged in size 1 year later.
Radiology 2006 239: 586-590 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392050261); [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

   Vascular and Interventional Radiology:

Young Jun Kim, Joon Koo Han, Jeong Min Lee, Se Hyung Kim, Kyoung Ho Lee, Seong Ho Park, Su Kyung An, Jae Young Lee, and Byung Ihn Choi

Percutaneous Drainage of Postoperative Abdominal Abscess with Limited Accessibility: Preexisting Surgical Drains as Alternative Access Route
A preexisting surgical drain may provide an effective and safe alternative access route for percutaneous drainage of less-accessible postoperative abdominal abscesses.
Radiology 2006 239: 591-598. Published online before print March 28 2006, 10.1148/radiol.2392050301 [Abstract] [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

SIGNS IN IMAGING:

Suzanne L. Wakely

The Posterior Vertebral Scalloping Sign
The posterior vertebral scalloping sign appears on a lateral radiograph of the spine as an exaggeration of the normal concavity of the posterior surface of one or more vertebral bodies.
Radiology 2006 239: 607-609 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392040224); [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

DIAGNOSIS PLEASE:

M. Kemal Demir, Fugen Vardar Aker, and Neset Koksal

Case 98
Radiology 2006 239: 599-601 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392040109); [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

António J. Madureira, Carlos M. Mariz, João C. Bernardes, and Isabel M. Ramos

Case 94: Uterus Didelphys with Obstructing Hemivaginal Septum and Ipsilateral Renal Agenesis
MR imaging is the most accurate noninvasive modality available for classification of müllerian duct anomalies because it provides information about the external fundal contour, shape of the uterine cavity, and tissue characterization of the septa (when present).
Radiology 2006 239: 602-606 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392031187); [Figures Only] [Full Text] [PDF]  

DEPARTMENTS:

Abstracts of Current Literature
Radiology 2006 239: 616-618 (DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2392052547); [Full Text] [PDF]  

Publication Information for Authors
Radiology 2006 239: [Full Text]

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